Translational toxicology: a developmental focus for integrated research strategies

Table 4 Treatments commonly given to pregnant women for fetal benefit across the lifespan

Disease/Indication	Treatment	Outcome	Selected references
Neural tube defects	Folate	Reduction in risk of neural tube defects	American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Genetics [80]
Neural tube defects	Folate	Reduction in risk of neural tube defects	U.S. Preventive Services Task Force [81]
Vision and cognitive function	Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)	Support optimal visual and cognitive development	Koletzko et al. [82]
Smoking	Nicotine and/or N-acetylcysteine (NAC)	Smoking cessation and/or chemoprevention of DNA (and other) damage	Coleman et al. [83]
			De Flora et al. [84]
			Van Schooten et al. [85]
Maternal (and fetal)hypothyroidism	Thyroid hormone therapy	Avoid potential damage to neural development	Abalovich et al. [86]
			Rivkees & Mandel [87]
			Shields et al. [88]
			Kuppens et al. [89]
			Lazarus et al. [90]
Cerebral palsy associated with preterm delivery	Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4)	Reduction in risk of cerebral palsy/ motor disorders in childhood	Nelson & Grether [91]
			Rouse et al. [92]
			Conde-Agudelo & Romero [93]
			Rouse [94]
			Doyle et al. [95]

ISSN: 2050-6511