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Figure 2 | BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology

Figure 2

From: Trypanocidal effect of the benzyl ester of N-propyl oxamate: a bi-potential prodrug for the treatment of experimental Chagas disease

Figure 2

B-NPOx exhibited higher in vitro trypanocidal activity than Et-NPOX or the reference drugs Bz and Nx. (A) The viability of intact NINOA T. cruzi epimastigotes was evaluated using 1 × 106 epimastigotes/mL after they had been treated with 0.1–3 mM B-NPOx, Et-NPOx, NPOx, Nx, Bz or benzyl alcohol (B-OH) every 10 min for 60 min at 28°C. The data shown correspond to an incubation period of 60 min. Viability was calculated as the number of live parasites, which was quantified using the trypan blue dye exclusion method. The control, which was set to 100%, represents the viability of the untreated epimastigotes. The results have been reported as the mean values ± the standard deviations for the viabilities of the epimastigotes from three independent experiments. (B) The effects of 1 mM B-NPOx, Et-NPOx, Bz and Nx towards the epimastigotes of the Miguz, Compostela, Nayarit and INC-5 strains of T. cruzi were evaluated under the conditions described in (A). (C) The viability of intact NINOA T. cruzi bloodstream trypomastigotes was evaluated based on the motility of 1 × 106 bloodstream trypomastigotes/mL following their treatment with B-NPOx, Et-NPOx, NPOx, Bz or Nx (0.1–3 mM) in 1% DMSO for 24 h at 4°C. Blood containing 1 × 106 trypomastigotes and 1% DMSO was used as a control. The results have been presented as the mean values ± the standard deviations for the viability of bloodstream trypomastigotes from three independent experiments. (D) The effects of 1 mM B-NPOx, Et-NPOx, Nx and Bz on 1 × 106 bloodstream trypomastigotes/mL from the Miguz, Compostela, Nayarit and INC-5 strains of T. cruzi were evaluated under the conditions described in (C). Data were analyzed in (B) and (D) with one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. ***p ≤ 0.001, **p ≤ 0.01, *p ≤ 0.05, compared with the control.

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