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Table 4 Regular use of analgesics in the absence or presence of interacting drugs

From: Analgesic use in a Norwegian general population: change over time and high-risk use - The Tromsø Study

  Unadjusted Age- and sex-adjusted  
Interacting druga Absent Present Absent Present p value Potential clinical consequence
  % (n) % (n) % %   
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs       
 Warfarin (2.5) 12.9 (1637) 2.8 (9) 12.1 3.9 <.001 Increased bleeding risk
 ASA, low dose (11.7) 13.6 (1558) 5.8 (88) 12.5 7.4 <.001 Increased bleeding risk
 SSRI (1.5) 12.5 (1602) 22.0 (44) 11.8 19.5 .001 Increased bleeding risk
 Glucocorticoids (1.3) 12.7 (1625) 12.6 (21) 11.9 13.0 .672 Increased bleeding risk
 ACE inhibitors (3.8) 12.9 (1614) 6.5 (32) 12.0 7.8 .007 Diminished effect, renal impairment, hyperkalemia
 AT II antagonists (9.2) 12.8 (1508) 11.5 (138) 11.8 12.8 .326 Diminished effect, renal impairment, hyperkalemia
 Other antihypertensives (18.8)b 13.3 (1397) 10.2 (249) 11.8 12.1 .693 Diminished effect
Opioids       
 CNS depressants (4.9)c 2.9 (359) 18.1 (116) 2.9 17.5 <.001 CNS depression, respiratory depression, falls
Paracetamol       
 Warfarin (2.5) 13.6 (1719) 7.1 (23) 12.5 9.5 .154 Increased bleeding risk
  1. The Tromsø Study: Tromsø 6 (N = 12,981)
  2. ASA acetylsalicylic acid, SSRI selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, ACE angiotensin converting enzyme, AT II angiotensin II, CNS central nervous system
  3. aThe number in parentheses is the prevalence (%) in the study population
  4. bATC-groups C02, C03, C07, C08
  5. cBenzodiazepines, z hypnotics and barbiturates (ATC-groups N05C A-F, N05B A, N03A E, N03A A)
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BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology

ISSN: 2050-6511

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