Fig. 3

Mean (+ SE) glucagon serum concentration profiles in rats following 28 consecutive days of daily intra-nasal administration—Day 28. Glucagon concentrations on Day 28 (linear scale, gender combined). All samples collected from placebo-control liquid and saline-control animals displayed undetectable levels of glucagon with the exception of two samples at 20 min post-dose, one from the placebo-control liquid group (animal 1016D, 8644 pg/mL) and one from the saline-control group (animal 2011D, 45 pg/mL). Following 28 days of consecutive daily dosing, all pre-dose samples collected from low- and high-dose groups were below (animal 4516H, 20 pg/mL, animal 4519E, 180 pg/mL, and animal 4520E, 22 pg/mL) or close to the limit of quantification (animal 3515E, 345 pg/mL). After dosing, nine of 12 animals from the low-dose GNP group displayed levels above LLOQ on at least one occasion while all animals (12 of 12) in the high-dose group displayed levels above LLOQ on at least one occasion