Table 3 Multivariable Regression Model of Steroid Exposure

Age ( 5 year decrease)

1.25

(1.14, 1.39)^f

0.97

(0.88, 1.06)

Female

1.30

(0.93, 1.80)

1.11

(0.85, 1.45)

Caucasian

1.46

(0.87, 2.46)

0.87

(0.54, 1.38)

Region

 Midwest

1.00

Reference

1.00

Reference

 Northeast

0.92

(0.61, 1.37)

1.13

(0.81, 1.57)

 Southeast

0.91

(0.61, 1.35)

0.93

(0.67, 1.29)

 Southwest

0.80

(0.47, 1.38)

0.84

(0.54, 1.32)

 Rocky Mountain

0.44

(0.12, 1.55)

0.90

(0.29, 2.73)

 Pacific & HI, AK, PR^g

0.70

(0.38, 1.30)

0.84

(0.51, 1.40)

Rural

1.54

(1.10, 2.13)^d

0.93

(0.71, 1.20)

Medicaid eligible

0.80

(0.57, 1.13)

0.89

(0.66, 1.20)

antiTNFs

1.66

(0.52, 5.34)

0.63

(0.30, 1.29)

Nonbiologic immunomodulators

2.14

(0.82, 5.57)

0.76

(0.42, 1.36)

Aminosalicylates

1.78

(1.26, 2.51)^e

1.01

(0.77, 1.33)

Locally administered steroids

3.77

(0.69, 20.6)

1.41

(0.46, 4.35)

Antidiarrheals

1.72

(1.12, 2.62)^d

0.83

(0.59, 1.18)

Charlson index

0.96

(0.90, 1.01)

1.00

(0.95, 1.06)

Hospitalizations

0.97

(0.88, 1.07)

0.99

(0.90, 1.09)

Endoscopy (>1)

1.09

(0.76, 1.56)

0.83

(0.60, 1.15)

IBD-associated Surgery

0.75

(0.40, 1.39)

0.89

(0.48, 1.64)