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Table 2 Effect of MDMA administration in oxidative stress related parameters in the four brain areas

From: “Ecstasy” toxicity to adolescent rats following an acute low binge dose

Parameter

Control

MDMA

Hippocampus

 GSHt (nmol/mg protein)

21.17 ± 1.22

22.87 ± 3.46

 GSH/GSSG ratio

50.30 ± 12.72

50.26 ± 19.37

 GSSG (nmol/mg protein)

0.42 ± 0.09

0.41 ± 0.18

 GSH (nmol/mg protein)

20.33 ± 1.37

22.05 ± 3.72

 Quinoprotein (OD/mg protein)

6.01 ± 0.78

6.09 ± 0.71

 Protein carbonylation (% of control)

100.00 ± 28.69

88.01 ± 12.51

Frontal cortex

 GSHt (nmol/mg protein)

18.60 ± 1.78

17.93 ± 1.70

 GSH/GSSG ratio

61.44 ± 10.67

68.60 ± 18.71

 GSSG (nmol/mg protein)

0.30 ± 0.05

0.27 ± 0.07

 GSH (nmol/mg protein)

18.00 ± 1.77

17.39 ± 1.67

 Quinoprotein (OD/mg protein)

5.54 ± 0.70

5.73 ± 0.50

 Protein carbonylation (% of control)

100.00 ± 11.80

101.15 ± 10.18

Striatum

 GSHt (nmol/mg protein)

20.70 ± 6.14

20.49 ± 4.68

 GSH/GSSG ratio

47.49 ± 16.60

56.76 ± 14.98

 GSSG (nmol/mg protein)

0.45 ± 0.22

0.35 ± 0.04

 GSH (nmol/mg protein)

19.79 ± 5.88

19.78 ± 4.69

 Quinoprotein (OD/mg protein)

5.76 ± 0.20

5.78 ± 0.15

 Protein carbonylation (% of control)

100.00 ± 53.98

108.84 ± 45.81

Cerebellum

 GSHt (nmol/mg protein)

13.32 ± 0.69

12.34 ± 2.80

 GSH/GSSG ratio

25.20 ± 6.52

28.77 ± 12.21

 GSSG (nmol/mg protein)

0.51 ± 0.12

0.47 ± 0.21

 GSH (nmol/mg protein)

12.29 ± 0.80

11.40 ± 2.67

 Quinoprotein (OD/mg protein)

5.93 ± 0.42

5.95 ± 0.29

 Protein carbonylation (% of control)

100.00 ± 27.94

95.43 ± 19.88

  1. Total glutathione (GSHt), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), reduced glutathione (GSH), GSH/GSSG ratio levels, quinoprotein levels and protein carbonylation in hippocampus, frontal cortex, striatum and cerebellum of adolescent rats. Data of GSHt, GSSG and GSH levels, in nanomol per mg of protein (nmol/mg protein), and the GSH/GSSG ratio are presented as mean ± standard deviation, and were obtained from six to seven animals in each group. Statistical comparisons were made using the t-test for GSHt and GSH levels in hippocampus, frontal cortex and striatum, GSSG levels in cerebellum, hippocampus and frontal cortex, and GSH/GSSG ratio levels in frontal cortex and striatum; the Mann-Whitney Rank Sum test was used for GSHt and GSH levels in cerebellum, GSSG levels in striatum, and GSH/GSSG ratio levels in cerebellum and hippocampus. Results of quinoprotein levels, in optical density per mg of protein (OD/mg protein), and protein carbonylation, in percentage of controls (% of control), are presented as mean ± standard deviation, and were obtained from seven animals in each group. Statistical comparisons were made using t-test for the quinoprotein levels in cerebellum and striatum and protein carbonylation in cerebellum, hippocampus and frontal cortex; and Mann-Whitney Rank Sum test for quinoprotein levels in hippocampus and frontal cortex, and for protein carbonylation in striatum