“Ecstasy” toxicity to adolescent rats following an acute low binge dose

Table 4 Effect of MDMA administration in oxidative stress related parameters and ATP levels in the three peripheral organs

Parameter	Control	MDMA
Heart
GSHt (nmol/mg protein)	9.66 ± 1.30	9.53 ± 1.70
GSH/GSSG ratio	17.62 ± 7.38	15.86 ± 5.93
GSSG (nmol/mg protein)	0.53 ± 0.14	0.59 ± 0.23
GSH (nmol/mg protein)	8.60 ± 1.43	8.35 ± 1.46
Protein carbonylation (% of control)	100.00 ± 13.15	98.94 ± 11.50
ATP (nmol/mg protein)	0.63 ± 0.20	0.60 ± 0.27
Kidneys
GSHt (nmol/mg protein)	2.25 ± 0.38	1.93 ± 0.60
GSH/GSSG ratio	37.58 ± 11.26	32.39 ± 11.29
GSSG (nmol/mg protein)	0.06 ± 0.02	0.06 ± 0.01
GSH (nmol/mg protein)	2.12 ± 0.34	1.82 ± 0.60
Protein carbonylation (% of control)	100.00 ± 12.55	137.26 ± 37.28
ATP (nmol/mg protein)	1.75 ± 0.62	1.43 ± 0.57
Liver
GSHt (nmol/mg protein)	19.31 ± 1.96	18.51 ± 2.61
GSH/GSSG ratio	31.46 ± 9.22	28.68 ± 4.46
GSSG (nmol/mg protein)	0.60 ± 0.13	0.62 ± 0.14
GSH (nmol/mg protein)	18.10 ± 2.04	17.28 ± 2.38
Protein carbonylation (% of control)	100.00 ± 27.83	102.61 ± 23.37
ATP (nmol/mg protein)	1.60 ± 0.84	1.69 ± 0.38

Total glutathione (GSHt), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), reduced glutathione (GSH), GSH/GSSG ratio levels, protein carbonylation and ATP levels in heart, kidneys and liver of control and MDMA-treated adolescent rats. Results of GSHt, GSSG, and GSH levels, in nanomol per mg of protein (nmol/mg protein), and the GSH/GSSG ratio are presented as mean ± standard deviation, and were obtained from six to seven animals. Statistical comparisons were made using the t-test for GSHt, GSSG, GSH levels in the heart, kidneys and liver, and the GSH/GSSG ratio in the liver; and the Mann-Whitney Rank Sum test for the GSH/GSSG ratio levels in the heart and kidneys. Results of protein carbonylation, in percentage of controls (% of control), are presented as mean ± standard deviation, and were obtained from six to seven animals in each group. Statistical comparisons were made using the t-test for the protein carbonylation in the heart and liver, meanwhile the Mann-Whitney Rank Sum test showed in the kidneys a tendency for a change in protein carbonylation (p = 0.051 treatment vs. control). Results of ATP levels, in nmol per mg of protein (nmol/mg protein), are presented as mean ± standard deviation, and were obtained from seven animals in each group. Statistical comparisons were made using the t-test for the ATP levels in the heart and kidneys, and the Mann-Whitney Rank Sum test for the ATP levels in the liver

ISSN: 2050-6511