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Table 6 Characteristics of studies that measured the prevalence of metformin-induced vitamin B12 deficiency with diagnostic cut-points ranging between 145–150 pmol/L

From: Vitamin B12 deficiency in metformin-treated type-2 diabetes patients, prevalence and association with peripheral neuropathy

Study

Number of metformin-treated patients

Prevalence

Mean age (years)

Mean metformin dose (gram)

Mean metformin duration of use (years)

Study setting

Exclusion of renally-impaired patients

De Jager et al. [3]

196

9.9 %a

64

2.1

4.3

Outpatient clinics of 3 non-academic hospitals, The Netherlands

Yes

Reinstatler et al. [4]

575

5.8 %

63.4

NA

5b

NHANES sample, United States

Yes

Hermann et al. [5]

53

8 %

58.5

2.2

5.2

Outpatient diabetes clinic of a general hospital, Sweden

Yes

Calvo Romero and Ramiro Lozano [9]

81

8.6 %

71.6

1.8

3.6

Internal medicine clinic of a first level hospital, Spain

No

Beulens et al. [11]

550

28.1 %

61.6

1.3

5.3

4 primary care centers, The Netherlands

No

De Groot-Kamphuis et al. [8]

164

14.1 %

62.6

-

4.9b

Secondary care outpatient diabetes clinic, The Netherlands

No

This study

121

28.1 %

58.5

2.4

9.6

Outpatient diabetes clinics of 2 tertiary hospitals, South Africa

Yes

  1. NHANES National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
  2. a Trial was analysed by Intention To Treat. Using Per Protocol analysis results in 14.5 % prevalence
  3. b Median value