Table 1 Baseline characteristics
Group I Diabetes + metformin n = 41 (32%) | Group II Diabetes - metformin n = 86 (68%) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) ± SD | 57.3 ± 9.2 | 57.2 ± 10.0 | 0.969 |
Female (%) | 7 (17.1%) | 11 (12.8%) | 0.518 |
Body mass index (BMI) | 27.6 ± 5.2 | 27.8 ± 5.6 | 0.832 |
Myocardial infarction (STEMI/NSTEMI) | 19 (46.3%) | 51 (59.3%) | 0.170 |
Urgent CABG | 6 (14.6%) | 18 (20.9%) | 0.397 |
Post-op stay (days) ± SD | 7.3 ± 7.2 | 8.7 ± 19.6 | 0.658 |
Median post-op stay (days) | 5.0 | 5.0 | |
New York Heart Association Class III-IV (%) | 12 (29.3%) | 21 (24.4%) | 0.560 |
Canadian Cardiac Society Class III-IV (%) | 28 (68.3%) | 44 (51.2%) | 0.069 |
Ejection fraction <40 (%) | 9 (22.0%) | 14 (16.3%) | 0.438 |
EuroSCORE II | 1.08 ± 0.1 | 1.29 ± 0.1 | 0.257 |
Redo-CABG | 0 | 0 | |
Risk factors and comorbidities | |||
Insulin injection (%) | 6 (14.6%) | 18 (20.9%) | 0.397 |
Glycosylated Hemoglobin A1C (%) | 9.0 ± 1.5 | 8.1 ± 1.6 | 0.010 |
Total cholesterol-HDL ratio | 4.8 ± 2.9 | 5.0 ± 1.7 | 0.729 |
Baseline serum creatinine (umol/l) | 87.0 ± 22.0 | 93.0 ± 22.8 | 0.165 |
Blood sugar (mmol/l) | 11.0 ± 4.3 | 10.8 ± 18.9 | 0.950 |
Hypertension (%) | 36 (87.8%) | 68 (79.1%) | 0.232 |
Hyperlipidemia (%) | 27 (65.9%) | 45 (52.3%) | 0.150 |
Positive family history (%) | 8 (19.5%) | 18 (20.9%) | 0.853 |
Current smoking (%) | 7 (17.1%) | 23 (26.7%) | 0.230 |
Chronic lung disease (%) | 0 (0%) | 6 (7.0%) | 0.176 |
Stroke (%) | 3 (7.3%) | 5 (5.8%) | 0.712 |
Peripheral vascular disease (%) | 1 (2.4%) | 11 (12.8%) | 0.101 |
Elevated creatinine >140 umol/l (%) | 1 (2.4%) | 5 (5.8%) | 0.663 |
Significant carotid disease (%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (4.7%) | 0.304 |
Viral hepatitis (%) | 1 (2.4%) | 1 (1.2%) | 0.543 |