Fig. 3

Effect of selected E3 ligase inhibitors on cellular development of Plasmodium falciparum in vitro. a Control [DMSO]; b Chloroquine; c JNJ 26854165; d HLI 373; e Nutlin-3 at 0, 8, 16, 24, 32, 40 and 48 h post-treatment. Each bar represents the mean ± SEM of three observations. Minimum one thousand erythrocytes were counted for each observation. Chloroquine (CQ) and DMSO were tested as positive, and vehicle control respectively. The ring stage synchronized CQ-sensitive P. falciparum D6 strain (Pf D6) culture with high parasitemia (~6%) was treated with the lead E3 ligase inhibitors and differential parasite stages were monitored at 0, 8, 16, 24, 32, 40 and 48 h as indicated. The results on differential parasite stage counts in control, CQ and inhibitors treated P. falciparum cultures were analyzed for statistical comparisons. The change in differential parasite counts in inhibitor treated cells at 48 hors post-treatment were statistically not significant (P values >0.5) compared to controls and CQ treated PfD6 cultures due to large individual variations