Table 2 Prevalence of the QT interval prolonging drugs with their therapeutic classes and TdP risks
Prevalence/ classification scheme | Frequency | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Patients: n (%)a | |||
Overall prevalence of the QT prolonging drugs | 514 (92.6) | ||
Gender-wise prevalence of QT prolonging drugs | |||
Male | 256 (46.1) | ||
Female | 258 (46.5) | ||
Therapeutic class | TdP riskb | QT drug (ATC code) | Patients: n (%)a |
Antimicrobials (n = 126) | Known risk of TdP (n = 98) | Ciprofloxacin (J01MA02) | 90 (16.2) |
Clarithromycin (J01FA09) | 6 (1) | ||
Levofloxacin (J01MA12) | 1 (0.2) | ||
Moxifloxacin (J01MA14) | 1 (0.2) | ||
Possible risk of TdP (n = 1) | Norfloxacin (J01MA06) | 1 (0.2) | |
Conditional risk of TdP (n = 27) | Metronidazole (P01AB01) | 27 (4.9) | |
Anticancer (n = 51) | Possible risk of TdP (n = 51) | Capecitabine (L01 BC06) | 46 (8.3) |
Tamoxifen (L02BA01) | 5 (0.9) | ||
Antidepressant (n = 4) | Conditional risk of TdP (n = 4) | Amitriptyline (N06AA09) | 3 (0.5) |
Fluoxetine (N06AB03) | 1 (0.2) | ||
Antidiarrheal (n = 1) | Conditional risk of TdP (n = 1) | Loperamide (A07DA03) | 1 (0.2) |
Antiemetic (n = 571) | Known risk of TdP (n = 278) | Ondansetron (A04AA01) | 278 (50) |
Possible risk of TdP (n = 141) | Tropisetron (A04AA03) | 139 (25) | |
Promethazine (R06AD02) | 2 (0.4) | ||
Conditional risk of TdP (n = 152) | Metoclopramide (A03FA01) | 152 (27.4) | |
Antifungal (n = 11) | Known risk of TdP (n = 6) | Fluconazole (J02 AC01) | 6 (1) |
Conditional risk of TdP (n = 5) | Amphotericin B (J02AA01) | 3 (0.5) | |
Ketoconazole (J02AB02) | 2 (0.4) | ||
Antihistamine (n = 8) | Conditional risk of TdP (n = 8) | Diphenhydramine (R06AA52) | 8 (1.1) |
Antinausea (n = 21) | Known risk of TdP (n = 21) | Domperidone (A03FA03) | 21 (3.8) |
Antineoplastic (n = 30) | Known risk of TdP (n = 30) | Oxaliplatin (L01XA03) | 30 (5.4) |
Antipsychotic (n = 1) | Known risk of TdP (n = 1) | Haloperidol (N05 AD01) | 1 (0.2) |
Diuretic (n = 22) | Conditional risk of TdP (n = 22) | Furosemide (C03CA01) | 19 (3.4) |
Hydrochlorothiazide (C03AX01) | 3 (0.5) | ||
Gonadotropin receptor agonist/antagonist (n = 1) | Possible risk of TdP (n = 1) | Leuprolide (L02AE02) | 1 (0.2) |
Kinase inhibitor (n = 1) | Possible risk of TdP (n = 1) | Nilotinib (L01XE08) | 1 (0.2) |
Proton pump inhibitor (n = 145) | Conditional risk of TdP (n = 145) | Esomeprazole (A02BC05) | 59 (10.6) |
Omeprazole (A02BC01) | 86 (15.5) | ||