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Table 4 Factors associated with survivability after ADR events using simple logistic and multiple regression

From: Survivability of hospitalized chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with moderate to severe estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) after experiencing adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in a public healthcare center: a retrospective 3 year study

Variables

Survived N(%)

Died N(%)

Crude OR

(95% CI)

p -valuea

Adj. OR

(95% CI)

p -valueb

Age category

  ≤ 49 years

34 (82.9%)

7 (17.1%)

1.00(ref.)

 

0.888

1.00(ref.)

 

0.490

 50–59 years

32 (80.0%)

8 (20.0%)

1.21

(0.40, 3.73)

0.735

2.05

(0.57,7.34)

 

  ≥ 60 years

66 (83.5%)

13 (16.5%)

0.96

(0.35, 2.62)

0.931

1.14

(0.35, 3.66)

 

Gender

 Male

77 (83.7%)

15 (16.3%)

1.00(ref.)

 

0.644

1.00(ref.)

 

0.829

 Female

55 (80.9%)

13 (19.1%)

1.21

(0.54,2.75)

 

0.88

(0.28,2.75)

 

Ethnicity

 Malay

44 (84.6%)

8 (15.4%)

1.00(ref.)

 

0.544

1.00(ref.)

 

0.108

 Chinese

57 (83.8%)

11 (16.2%)

1.06

(0.39,2.86)

0.906

0.70

(0.20, 2.44)

 

 Indian

29 (76.3%)

9 (23.7%)

1.71

(0.59,4.93)

0.324

2.59

(0.77,8.72)

 

BMI category

 Underweight

14 (82.4%)

3 (17.6%)

1.00(ref.)

 

0.917

1.00(ref.)

 

0.825

 Normal

58 (84.1%)

11 (15.9%)

0.89

(0.22,3.60)

0.865

0.82

(0.17, 4.05)

 

 Overweight

43 (79.6%)

11 (20.4%)

1.19

(0.29,4.90)

0.806

1.33

(0.27, 6.56)

 

 Obese

17 (85.0%)

3 (15.0%)

0.82

(0.14,4.74)

0.828

1.34

(0.18, 9.71)

 

Smoking

 No

98 (82.4%)

21 (17.6%)

1.00(ref.)

 

0.934

1.00(ref.)

 

0.800

 Yes

34 (82.9%)

7 (17.1%)

0.96

(0.38,2.46)

 

1.19

(0.32, 4.47)

 

Alcohol consumption

 No

113 (82.5%)

24 (17.5%)

1.00(ref.)

 

0.988

1.00(ref.)

 

0.943

 Yes

19 (82.6%)

4 (17.4%)

0.99

(0.31, 3.18)

 

1.06

(0.21, 5.46)

 

Renal replacement therapy

 Hemodialysis

52 (85.2%)

9 (14.8%)

1.00(ref.)

 

0.751

1.00(ref.)

 

0.023*

 Peritoneal dialysis

10 (83.3%)

2 (16.7%)

1.16

(0.22,6.17)

0.866

1.21

(0.21, 6.940)

 

 Conservative management

70 (80.5%)

17 (19.5%)

1.40

(0.58,3.40)

0.453

5.90

(1.63,21.34)

 

Renal function

 30–59 mL/min/1.73m2

46 (93.9%)

3 (6.1%)

1.00(ref.)

 

0.062

1.00(ref.)

 

0.002*

 15–29 mL/min/1.73m2

22 (75.9%)

7 (24.1%)

4.88

(1.15,20.69)

0.032

8.90

(1.76, 44.94)

 

  < 15 mL/min/1.73m2

64 (78.0%)

18 (22.0%)

4.31

(1.20,15.51)

0.025

22.37

(3.99,125.31)

 
  1. Note: aSimple Logistic Regression;
  2. bMultiple Logistic Regression;
  3. Crude OR = Crude Odds Ratio;
  4. Adj. OR = Adjusted Odds Ratio;
  5. 95% CI = 95% confidence interval
  6. *p value< 0.05
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BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology

ISSN: 2050-6511

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