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Table 2 Percent change ±SEM of whole-cell currents measured during two-electrode voltage clamp studies in response to administration of saturated concentration of each hydrocarbon (or 90% atm for butane)

From: Anesthetic-sensitive ion channel modulation is associated with a molar water solubility cut-off

Compound

Nav1.2

Nav1.4

TRESK

TREK-1

GABAA

Glycine

Alcohols

 1-octanol

  

74 ± 5 (5)*

   

 1-nonanol

−62 ± 7 (5)*

−48 ± 4 (6)*

41 ± 4 (5)*

−36 ± 2 (6)*

  

 1-decanol

−4 ± 1 (5)

− 35 ± 6 (6)*

2 ± 1 (6)

−28 ± 4 (6)*

322 ± 29 (5)*

 

 1-undecanol

−2 ± 1 (5)

− 4 ± 1 (5)

 

0 ± 2 (5)

81 ± 13 (5)*

 

 1-dodecanol

    

39 ± 6 (7)*

 

 1-tridecanol

    

2 ± 1 (6)

 

 1-tetradecanol

   

5 ± 3 (5)

4 ± 2 (5)

38 ± 6 (6)*

 1-pentadecanol

     

−7 ± 2 (5)

Aldehydes

 nonanal

−51 ± 1 (6)*

 

−22 ± 6 (5)*

 

119 ± 29 (7)*

 

 decanal

−24 ± 3 (5)*

−31 ± 3 (6)*

−4 ± 2 (5)

−45 ± 3 (5)*

  

 undecanal

−6 ± 1(5)

−2 ± 1 (5)

 

−20 ± 2 (6)*

  

 dodecanal

   

− 5 ± 1 (5)

  

 tridecanal

    

20 ± 3 (7)*

 

 tetradecanal

    

5 ± 2 (9)

 

 heptadecanal

     

31 ± 2 (5)*

 octadecanal

     

20 ± 3 (5)*

 docosanal

     

1 ± 2 (7)

Alkanes

 butane

−20 ± 2 (7)*

−22 ± 2 (5)*

25 ± 5 (6)*

61 ± 9 (5)*

523 ± 68 (5)*

 

 pentane

−1 ± 1 (5)

− 2 ± 1 (5)

7 ± 1 (5)

−3 ± 2 (5)

221 ± 10 (7)*

 

 hexane

 

− 1 ± 0 (2)

 

4 ± 3 (4)

29 ± 5 (6)*

61 ± 5 (5)*

 heptane

 

0 ± 1 (5)

  

−3 ± 1 (5)

 

 octane

    

− 1 ± 4 (2)

206 ± 21 (5)*

 nonane

     

62 ± 18 (5)*

 decane

    

5 ± 2 (2)

20 ± 3 (6)*

 undecane

     

8 ± 2 (5)

 tetradecane

     

5 ± 1 (5)

 eicosane

     

9 ± 4 (2)

Alkenes

 1-pentene

−28 ± 2 (5)*

−45 ± 4 (5)*

  

351 ± 38 (6)*

 

 1-hexene

1 ± 1 (5)

0 ± 0 (6)

37 ± 7 (5)*

157 ± 13 (5)*

83 ± 8 (6)*

 

 1-octene

  

2 ± 1 (5)

1 ± 1 (5)

7 ± 3 (5)

 

 1-nonene

    

7 ± 4 (6)

 

 1-decene

      

 1-undecene

     

54 ± 7 (5)*

 1-dodecene

     

−3 ± 3 (5)*

 1-tridecene

     

1 ± 1 (5)

Alkynes

 1-hexyne

−44 ± 2 (5)*

−34 ± 2 (5)*

44 ± 5 (5)*

 

313 ± 23 (6)*

 

 1-heptyne

−2 ± 4 (5)

−4 ± 2 (6)

29 ± 5 (7)*

55 ± 5 (4)*

78 ± 5 (7)*

 

 1-octyne

 

2 ± 1 (5)

5 ± 2 (5)

−1 ± 2 (9)

− 3 ± 1 (6)

 

 1-nonyne

    

6 ± 1 (4)

 

 1-decyne

    

7 ± 1 (6)

55 ± 14 (5)*

 1-undecyne

     

223 ± 20 (6)*

 1-dodecyne

     

3 ± 2 (5)

Amines

 1-octadecanamine

−15 ± 1 (6)*

−11 ± 1 (6)*

−23 ± 2 (6)*

−16 ± 1 (5)*

46 ± 5 (8)*

 

 1-eicosanamine

0 ± 0 (6)

− 2 ± 2 (5)

−1 ± 1 (7)

−2 ± 3 (5)

67 ± 7 (6)*

 

 1-hexacosanamine

  

0 ± 2 (6)

−1 ± 3 (6)

1 ± 2 (6)

 

 1-octacosanamine

     

26 ± 3 (7)*

 1-triacontanamine

     

2 ± 1 (6)

Cycloalkanes

 cyclopentane

−45 ± 4 (5)*

−11 ± 1 (6)*

63 ± 9 (5)*

68 ± 13 (5)*

93 ± 8 (7)*

 

 cyclohexane

−1 ± 1 (5)

−2 ± 2 (5)

1 ± 1 (6)

63 ± 6 (6)*

321 ± 17 (5)*

 

 cycloheptane

0 ± 1 (6)

 

0 ± 1 (5)

−4 ± 2 (6)

6 ± 3 (5)

 

 cyclooctane

      

 cyclodecane

     

22 ± 3 (5)*

 cycloundecane

     

3 ± 2 (5)

 cyclododecane

     

0 ± 1 (5)

Ethers

 dibutyl ether

−33 ± 3 (5)*

−44 ± 5 (5)*

 

50 ± 9 (6)*

234 ± 24 (5)*

 

 dipentyl ether

1 ± 1 (5)

1 ± 0 (5)

20 ± 2 (8)*

65 ± 6 (6)*

111 ± 9 (7)*

 

 dihexyl ether

 

0 ± 1 (5)

2 ± 1 (6)

3 ± 2 (6)

13 ± 1 (5)*

143 ± 10 (5)*

 diheptyl ether

 

−1 ± 2 (2)

  

−1 ± 4 (5)

74 ± 8 (6)*

 dioctyl ether

    

1 ± 3 (5)

95 ± 8 (5)*

 didecyl ether

     

28 ± 4 (6)*

 diundecyl ether

     

2 ± 2 (7)

  1. Positive changes indicate drug potentiation of channel function, and negative changes indicate drug inhibition of channel function. Drug-induced changes ≥10% in magnitude in either direction that are significantly greater than zero (not a cut-off response) are indicated by an asterisk. The number of oocytes studied for each channel and drug combination is shown in parentheses
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BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology

ISSN: 2050-6511

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