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Table 1 Sociodemographic characteristics of patients based on the efavirenz plasma concentrations’ recommended cutoff points

From: Variability of efavirenz plasma concentrations among pediatric HIV patients treated with efavirenz based combination antiretroviral therapy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Participant variable

Efavirenz concentration

< 1 μg/mL

n (%)

1 - 4 μg/mL

n (%)

>  4 μg/mL

n (%)

p value

Sex

Male

11(12.9%)

52(61.2%)

22(25.9%)

0.064

Females

13(21.7%)

25(41.7%)

22(36.7%)

Age group (years)

5–10

7(11.1%)

41(65.1%)

15(23.8%)

0.037

11–15

17(20.7%)

36(43.9%)

29(35.4%)

Orphan status

Not orphaned

11 (13.4%)

53 (64.6%)

18 (22.0%)

0.006

Orphaned

13 (20.6%)

24 (38.1%)

26 (41.3%)

BMI-for-age percentiles

<5th percentile

5 (10.9%)

18 (39.1%)

23 (50.0%)

0.011

5-85th percentile

19 (19.4%)

58 (59.2%)

21 (21.4%)

>85th percentile

0

1 (100%)

0

Weight for age (WAZ)

Normal weight

15(16.3%)

53(57.6%)

24(26.1%)

0.341

Moderately undernourished

6(18.8%)

12(37.5%)

14(43.8%)

Severely undernourished

3(14.3%)

12(57.1%)

6(28.6%)

Height for age (HAZ)

Normal height

17(18.1%)

49(52.1%)

28(29.8%)

0.906

Moderately stunted

5(13.2%)

20(52.6%)

13(34.2%)

Severely stunted

2(15.2%)

8(61.5%)

3(23.1%)

MUAC

Normal nutrition

16(17.2%)

54(58.1%)

23(24.7%)

0.690

Moderate malnutrition

6(12.8%)

21(44.7%)

20(42.6%)

Severe malnutrition

2(50.0%)

2(50.0%)

0(0.0%)

CD4 cell count (cells/μL)

> 350 cells

17 (13.8%)

68(55.3%)

38(30.9%)

0.108

< 350 cells

7(31.8%)

9(40.9%)

6(27.3%)

Viral load (copies/mL)

< 400 copies

7(6.7%)

61(58.1%)

37(35.2%)

0.000

400–1000 copies

1(33.3%)

1(33.3%)

1(33.3%)

> 1000 copies

16(43.2%)

15(40.5%)

6(16.2%)

Concurrent Medication

No

15 (14.9%)

51 (50.5%)

35 (34.7%)

0.218

Yes

9 (20.5%)

26 (59.1%)

9 (20.5%)

  1. Key: BMI Body Mass Index, WAZ Weight for age Z-scores, HAZ Height for age Z-scores, MUAC Mid Upper Arm Circumference