Table 2 Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis to assess the risk factors associated with efavirenz plasma concentration below 1 μg//mL among children being treated with efavirenz based cART
| Variable | Number of efavirenz samples N |
Efavirenz < 1 μg//mL N (%) | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude OR (95% CI) | p-value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | p- value | |||
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 85 | 11 (12.9) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Female | 60 | 13 (21.7) | 1.86 (0.77–4.49) | 0.168 | 1.83 (0.68–4.95) | 0.232 |
| Age group (years) | ||||||
| 5–10 | 63 | 7 (11.1) | 1 | 1 | ||
| 11–15 | 82 | 17 (20.7) | 2.09 (0.81–5.41) | 0.128 | 2.07 (0.69–6.15) | 0.192 |
| Orphan status | ||||||
| No | 82 | 11 (13.4) | 1 | |||
| Yes | 63 | 13 (20.6) | 1.67 (0.69–4.05) | 0.249 | ||
| CD4 (cells/μL) | ||||||
| > 350 | 123 | 17 (13.8) | 1 | 1 | ||
| < 350 | 22 | 7 (31.8) | 2.91 (1.03–8.17) | 0.043 | 0.79 (0.22–2.84) | 0.718 |
| Viral Load (copies/mL) | ||||||
| < 400 | 105 | 7 (6.7) | 1 | 1 | ||
| > 400 | 40 | 17(42.5) | 10.3 (3.84–27.86) | 0.000 | 11.0 (3.66–33.09) | 0.000 |
| BMI-for-Age Percentiles | ||||||
| 5th – 85th | 99 | 19 (19.2) | 1 | |||
| < 5th | 46 | 5 (10.9) | 0.51 (0.18–1.47) | 0.215 | ||
| Height for age | ||||||
| Normal height | 94 | 17 (18.1) | 1 | |||
| Moderately stunted | 38 | 5 (13.2) | 0.68 (0.23–2.01) | 0.493 | ||
| Severely stunted | 13 | 2 (15.4) | 0.82 (0.17–4.06) | 0.811 | ||
| Weight for age | ||||||
| Normal weight | 92 | 15 (16.3) | 1 | |||
| Moderate malnutrition | 32 | 6 (18.8) | 1.18 (0.42–3.37) | 0.751 | ||
| Severe malnutrition | 21 | 3 (14.3) | 0.86 (0.22–3.27) | 0.820 | ||