Table 1 Comparison of Patients Characteristics According to Mortality due to ADRs events
| Â | No. (%) of participants | Â | |
|---|---|---|---|
Characteristics | Survived (n = 132) | Died (n = 28) | p value |
Demographics | |||
 Age |  |  | 0.888 |
   ≤ 49 years | 34 (21.3) | 7 (4.4) |  |
  50–59 years | 32 (20.0) | 8 (5.0) |  |
   ≥ 60 years | 66 (41.3) | 13 (8.1) |  |
 Gender |  |  | 0.643 |
  Male | 77 (48.1) | 15 (9.4) |  |
  Female | 55 (34.4) | 13 (8.1) |  |
 Ethnicity | |||
  Malay | 44 (27.5) | 8 (5.0) | 0.626 |
  Chinese | 57 (35.6) | 11 (6.9) |  |
  Indian | 27 (18.1) | 9 (5.6) |  |
  Currently or previously smoking | 34 (21.3) | 7 (4.4) | 0.934 |
  Currently or previously consumed alcohol | 19 (11.9) | 4 (2.5) | 0.988 |
 Renal Replacement Therapy |  |  | 0.750 |
  Haemodialysis | 52 (32.5) | 9 (5.6) |  |
  Peritoneal dialysis | 10 (6.3) | 2 (1.3) |  |
  Conservative management | 70 (43.8) | 17 (10.6) |  |
 Renal Function |  |  | 0.041 |
  30–59 mL/min/1.73m2 | 46 (28.7) | 3 (1.9) |  |
  15–29 mL/min/1.73m2 | 22 (13.8) | 7 (4.4) |  |
   < 15 mL/min/1.73m2 | 64 (40.0) | 18 (11.3) |  |
 Physical examinations | |||
  Systolic, mean (SD), mm Hg | 132 (100) | 28 (100) | 0.486 |
  Diastolic, median (IQR), mm Hg | 132 (100) | 28 (100) | 0.159 |
 Comorbid conditions | |||
  Diabetes | 89 (67.4) | 17 (60.7) | 0.495 |
  Dyslipidaemia | 65 (40.6) | 7 (4.4) | 0.019 |
  Hypertension | 6 (3.8) | 22 (13.8) | 0.547 |
  UTI | 3 (1.9) | 4 (2.5) | 0.005 |
 Laboratory data | |||
  Serum Albumin, mean (SD), g/L | 132 (100) | 28 (100) | < 0.001 |
  Serum Alkaline Phosphatase, median (IQR), U/L | 131 (99) | 28 (100) | 0.009 |
  Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase, median (IQR), U/L | 94 (71) | 22 (79) | 0.009 |
  Serum CO2, mean (SD), mmol/L | 116 (88) | 26 (93) | 0.020 |
  Serum C-Reactive Protein, median (IQR), mg/L | 62 (47) | 23 (82) | < 0.001 |
  Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase, median (IQR), U/L | 94 (71) | 23 (82) | < 0.001 |
  Serum Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), mean (SD), mmol/L | 62 (50) | 6 (21) | < 0.001 |
  VMedications use | |||
  Total medication, median (IQR) | 132 (100) | 28 (100) | < 0.001 |