Table 6 Comparison of mean changes in laboratory parameters from baseline during exposure periods among five DPP-4 inhibitors
Laboratory parameters | Drugs | Unadjusted LS mean (95%CI) | p-value | bAdjusted LS mean (95%CI) | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3 M | 12 M | 3 M | 12 M | ||||
aHbA1c (%) | 0.001 | 0.0668 | |||||
Sitagliptin | −0.46 (−0.52, − 0.4) | − 0.55 (− 0.65, − 0.45) | − 0.46 (− 0.53, − 0.38) | − 0.6 (− 0.71, − 0.49) | |||
Vildagliptin | − 0.61 (− 0.72, − 0.5) | −0.69 (− 0.87, − 0.51) | −0.6 (− 0.7, − 0.5) | −0.64 (− 0.81, − 0.47) | |||
Teneligliptin | − 0.64 (− 0.75, − 0.53) | − 0.9 (− 1.05, − 0.74) | − 0.54 (− 0.64, − 0.43) | − 0.76 (− 0.91, − 0.62) | |||
Alogliptin | − 0.43 (− 0.55, − 0.32) | − 0.58 (− 0.77, − 0.39) | − 0.57 (− 0.68, − 0.47) | −0.74 (− 0.91, − 0.56) | |||
Linagliptin | − 0.49 (− 0.62, − 0.36) | −0.59 (− 0.78, − 0.4) | −0.58 (− 0.7, − 0.46) | −0.69 (− 0.87, − 0.51) | |||
acreatinine (mg/dL) | 0.0259 | 0.1505 | |||||
Sitagliptin | 0.02 (0.01, 0.03) | 0.06 (0.04, 0.08) | 0.04 (0.02, 0.06) | 0.08 (0.05, 0.11) | |||
Vildagliptin | 0.02 (0, 0.05) | 0.04 (0, 0.08) | 0.04 (0.01, 0.06) | 0.06 (0.02, 0.1) | |||
Teneligliptin | 0.04 (0.02, 0.06) | 0.11 (0.08, 0.14) | 0.05 (0.02, 0.07) | 0.12 (0.08, 0.15) | |||
Alogliptin | 0.03 (0, 0.05) | 0.04 (0, 0.08) | 0.04 (0.02, 0.07) | 0.05 (0.01, 0.1) | |||
Linagliptin | 0.04 (0.02, 0.07) | 0.07 (0.03, 0.12) | 0.05 (0.02, 0.08) | 0.07 (0.03, 0.12) | |||
aeGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | 0.4528 | 0.4143 | |||||
Sitagliptin | − 1.92 (− 2.55, − 1.29) | −4.13 (− 5.27, − 2.98) | − 2.9 (− 3.86, − 1.93) | − 4.9 (− 6.25, − 3.54) | |||
Vildagliptin | − 2.79 (− 3.98, − 1.6) | − 1.33 (− 3.42, 0.76) | − 3.97 (− 5.31, − 2.64) | − 2.36 (− 4.54, − 0.18) | |||
Teneligliptin | − 2.73 (− 3.88, − 1.59) | − 3.22 (− 4.88, − 1.56) | − 4.23 (− 5.57, − 2.89) | −4.68 (− 6.48, − 2.87) | |||
Alogliptin | − 1.99 (− 3.23, − 0.76) | −1.94 (− 4.03, 0.14) | − 2.96 (− 4.35, − 1.57) | − 3.01 (− 5.17, − 0.84) | |||
Linagliptin | − 2 (− 3.36, − 0.63) | −2.24 (− 4.37, − 0.1) | − 3.85 (− 5.35, − 2.35) | − 4.13 (− 6.35, − 1.9) | |||
aHDL (mg/dL) | 0.1268 | 0.0613 | |||||
Sitagliptin | − 0.87 (− 1.42, − 0.31) | −1.33 (− 2.45, − 0.21) | − 0.8 (− 1.65, 0.05) | −1.37 (− 2.65, − 0.09) | |||
Vildagliptin | − 1.15 (− 2.19, − 0.1) | −2.9 (− 4.78, − 1.03) | −1.67 (− 2.85, − 0.49) | −3.29 (− 5.23, − 1.35) | |||
Teneligliptin | 0.1 (− 0.95, 1.15) | − 0.9 (− 2.44, 0.63) | 0.1 (−1.12, 1.31) | − 0.93 (− 2.58, 0.71) | |||
Alogliptin | − 0.46 (− 1.59, 0.67) | − 0.89 (− 2.86, 1.08) | − 0.93 (− 2.2, 0.33) | −1.33 (− 3.36, 0.7) | |||
Linagliptin | −0.57 (−1.8, 0.66) | 0.84 (− 1.18, 2.86) | − 0.87 (− 2.2, 0.46) | 0.36 (− 1.71, 2.43) | |||
aTC (mg/dL) | 0.1469 | 0.3631 | |||||
Sitagliptin | − 3.4 (− 5.3, −1.51) | 1.3 (− 2.1, 4.7) | − 3.14 (− 6.14, −0.14) | 1.06 (− 3.05, 5.16) | |||
Vildagliptin | − 5.22 (− 8.79, − 1.65) | − 6.57 (− 12.63, − 0.5) | − 4.67 (− 8.81, − 0.53) | − 6.05 (− 12.51, 0.42) | |||
Teneligliptin | −3.22 (− 6.74, 0.3) | − 6.56 (− 11.63, − 1.49) | − 1.71 (− 5.89, 2.48) | − 5 (− 10.57, 0.57) | |||
Alogliptin | −4.58 (− 8.56, − 0.6) | −0.18 (− 6.63, 6.27) | −4.32 (− 8.84, 0.19) | −0.36 (− 7.17, 6.46) | |||
Linagliptin | −2.91 (− 7.03, 1.21) | 1.21 (− 4.92, 7.33) | − 2.76 (− 7.35, 1.83) | 1.12 (− 5.38, 7.62) | |||
aTG (mg/dL) | 0.4256 | 0.536 | |||||
Sitagliptin | −5.96 (− 10.95, −0.97) | − 3.1 (− 12.32, 6.13) | − 1.49 (− 9.42, 6.43) | 0.92 (− 10.15, 12) | |||
Vildagliptin | −12.01 (−21.55, − 2.47) | −15.02 (− 30.92, 0.89) | − 7.39 (− 18.46, 3.68) | − 10.3 (− 27.3, 6.69) | |||
Teneligliptin | − 6.32 (− 15.46, 2.82) | − 12.27 (− 25.28, 0.74) | 0.5 (− 10.55, 11.55) | − 5.66 (− 20.13, 8.8) | |||
Alogliptin | −14.92 (− 24.95, − 4.9) | −2.56 (− 19.42, 14.29) | −10.28 (− 21.97, 1.41) | 1.49 (− 16.39, 19.36) | |||
Linagliptin | −1.78 (− 12.55, 8.99) | 1.45 (− 15.24, 18.14) | 2.27 (− 9.79, 14.34) | 5.12 (− 12.56, 22.8) | |||
aAST (U/L) | 0.1086 | ||||||
Sitagliptin | −0.97 (−2.06, 0.13) | − 0.27 (− 2.41, 1.86) | −2.65 (− 4.25, −1.06) | −2.02 (− 4.45, 0.4) | 0.105 | ||
Vildagliptin | 0.91 (−1.16, 2.98) | 3.11 (− 0.89, 7.1) | 0.05 (−2.2, 2.29) | 0.57 (− 3.47, 4.62) | |||
Teneligliptin | −1.43 (− 3.44, 0.57) | − 0.41 (− 3.48, 2.67) | − 2.32 (− 4.58, − 0.07) | − 1.44 (− 4.66, 1.77) | |||
Alogliptin | − 2.87 (− 5.04, − 0.69) | −2.24 (− 6.11, 1.64) | − 4.23 (− 6.6, − 1.86) | −2.73 (− 6.64, 1.17) | |||
Linagliptin | −0.49 (−2.84, 1.87) | − 1.23 (− 5.19, 2.73) | − 2.99 (− 5.48, − 0.5) | −3.93 (− 7.94, 0.09) | |||
aALT (U/L) | 0.1576 | 0.2768 | |||||
Sitagliptin | −2.33 (−3.56, − 1.11) | − 1.92 (− 3.99, 0.16) | −4.08 (− 5.82, − 2.34) | −3.74 (− 6.15, − 1.32) | |||
Vildagliptin | -2.05 (-4.36, 0.26) | −0.25 (− 4.1, 3.6) | −2.88 (− 5.29, − 0.47) | −1.81 (− 5.75, 2.12) | |||
Teneligliptin | − 2.74 (− 4.97, − 0.51) | − 3.69 (− 6.77, − 0.6) | − 3.73 (− 6.14, − 1.31) | − 3.42 (− 7.28, 0.44) | |||
Alogliptin | −5.69 (− 8.1, − 3.28) | −5.08 (− 8.94, − 1.23) | −6.13 (− 8.66, − 3.6) | −4.86 (− 8.76, − 0.97) | |||
Linagliptin | −2.83 (− 5.47, − 0.18) | −3.68 (− 7.57, 0.22) | −5.15 (− 7.82, − 2.48) | −6.19 (− 10.13, − 2.24) | |||