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Table 1 Pharmacokinetic parameters of imatinib in different groups

From: The effect of grape seed and green tea extracts on the pharmacokinetics of imatinib and its main metabolite, N-desmethyl imatinib, in rats

 

Parameter (unit)

Cmax (ng/mL)

tmax (h)

t0.5 (h)

\( {\mathbf{AUC}}_{\mathbf{0}}^{\mathbf{\infty}} \) (ng.h/mL)

MRT (h)

Vz/F (mL/kg)

CL/F (mL/h/kg)

Imatinib only

6399.6 ± 3162.8

4.8 ± 2.3

6.2 ± 0.8

105,160.8 ± 75,643.2

11.1 ± 4.8

6.1 × 10− 3 ± 7.8 × 10− 3

0.6 × 10− 3 ± 0.7 × 10− 3

Imatinib + KTZ

2320.5* ± 448.8

13.5 ± 11.0

5.9 ± 0.8

52,747.1 ± 9652.7

17.5 ± 5.4

5.0 × 10− 3 ± 1.4 × 10− 3

0.6 × 10− 3 ± 0.1 × 10− 3

Imatinib + l-GS

5153.2 ± 1902.4

3.7 ± 0.5

5.7 ± 0.2

59,233.8 ± 15,601.1

7.4 ± 0.5

4.4 × 10− 3 ± 1.3 × 10− 3

0.5 × 10− 3 ± 0.2 × 10− 3

Imatinib + h-GS

2487.3* ± 1141.8

4.8 ± 1.8

5.2* ± 0.6

29,229.5* ± 10,979.2

7.7 ± 1.0

9.0 × 10− 3 ± 4.4 × 10− 3

1.2 × 10− 3 ± 0.4 × 10− 3

Imatinib + l-GT

2972.3* ± 1686.6

5.5 ± 2.2

5.0* ± 0.3

38,387.3* ± 17,570.8

9.8 ± 2.8

6.5 × 10− 3 ± 2.5 × 10− 3

0.9 × 10− 3 ± 0.4 × 10− 3

Imatinib + h-GT

3225.6* ± 611.7

4.5 ± 2.2

5.2* ± 0.6

42,764.2 ± 6215.1

8.5 ± 1.6

5.4 × 10−3 ± 1.1 × 10− 3

0.7 × 10− 3 ± 0.1 × 10− 3

Imatinib + l-GS and l-GT

9403.7†‡ ± 1500.3

4.7 ± 2.0

6.3†‡ ± 0.3

151,343.8†‡ ± 27,244.5

12.8 ± 2.9

1.8 × 10–3 ± 0.3 × 10− 3

0.2 × 10− 3 ± 0.0

Imatinib + h-GS and h-GT

3711.8# ± 2546.6

5.0 ± 2.7

4.8*# ± 0.7

50,340.5# ± 34,035.6

7.7# ± 0.6

8.2 × 10−3 ± 7.6 × 10− 3

1.3 × 10− 3 ± 1.3 × 10− 3

  1. Pharmacokinetic parameters of imatinib after imatinib (30 mg/kg) administration alone (control), with ketoconazole (KTZ; 75 mg/kg), with a single low dose of grape seed (GS) or green tea (GT) extracts (l-GS or l-GT; 50 mg/kg), with a single high dose of GS or GT extracts (l-GS or l-GT; 100 mg/kg), or with a single co-administered low dose of both GS and GT extracts, or with a single co-administered high dose of both GS and GT extracts. Data: mean ± SD (n = 5–6)
  2. *p-value < 0.05, compared to control (i.e. imatinib only)
  3. #p-value < 0.05, when compared to the low dose of each designated group
  4. p-value < 0.05, when “imatinib+ l-GS and l-GT” group is compared to l-GS group
  5. p-value < 0.05, when “Imatinib+ l-GS and l-GT” group is compared to l-GT group