Table 3 Association between anticholinergic burden measured by each scales and ED visits for anticholinergic adverse effects in older Korean adults (N = 461,034)

 0 (reference)

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 1

1.30

(1.26–1.35)

1.24

(1.17–1.31)

1.23

(1.15–1.30)

1.36

(1.12–1.66)

1.38

(1.30–1.47)

1.50

(1.34–1.69)

 2

1.46

(1.38–1.54)

1.37

(1.25–1.49)

1.29

(1.17–1.41)

1.91

(1.46–2.50)

1.68

(1.54–1.84)

1.68

(1.41–2.00)

  ≥ 3

1.62

(1.53–1.72)

1.54

(1.40–1.69)

1.44

(1.30–1.59)

2.96

(2.28–3.83)

1.84

(1.68–2.02)

2.13

(1.79–2.55)

 0 (reference)

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 1

1.14

(1.10–1.19)

1.08

(1.01–1.15)

1.04

(0.97–1.12)

1.14

(0.92–1.41)

1.25

(1.17–1.33)

1.39

(1.23–1.58)

 2

1.24

(1.14–1.36)

1.17

(1.01–1.35)

1.13

(0.97–1.32)

1.92

(1.32–2.77)

1.40

(1.22–1.60)

1.49

(1.14–1.94)

  ≥ 3

1.57

(1.38–1.80)

1.60

(1.29–1.98)

1.12

(0.86–1.45)

2.32

(1.33–4.03)

1.85

(1.52–2.26)

1.91

(1.28–2.83)

 0 (reference)

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 1

1.12

(1.08–1.15)

1.03

(0.98–1.09)

1.18

(1.11–1.25)

1.05

(0.86–1.26)

1.12

(1.06–1.19)

1.16

(1.04–1.30)

 2

1.25

(1.19–1.32)

1.10

(1.01–1.20)

1.28

(1.16–1.40)

1.57

(1.21–2.04)

1.32

(1.21–1.43)

1.36

(1.15–1.62)

  ≥ 3

1.40

(1.32–1.49)

1.21

(1.09–1.34)

1.36

(1.23–1.51)

2.22

(1.69–2.90)

1.61

(1.46–1.77)

1.71

(1.43–2.06)

 0 (reference)

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

 1

1.25

(1.21–1.30)

1.15

(1.09–1.22)

1.23

(1.16–1.31)

1.39

(1.15–1.68)

1.35

(1.27–1.43)

1.35

(1.20–1.51)

 2

1.35

(1.28–1.43)

1.26

(1.16–1.38)

1.27

(1.16–1.39)

1.56

(1.19–2.05)

1.54

(1.42–1.68)

1.45

(1.22–1.72)

  ≥ 3

1.61

(1.52–1.72)

1.41

(1.27–1.57)

1.49

(1.34–1.67)

2.55

(1.91–3.40)

1.88

(1.70–2.08)

1.91

(1.57–2.32)