Fig. 6

Characterization of the intestinal permeability features of TSG in single-pass intestinal perfusion model. The data are presented as absorption rate constants (Ka, h^− 1) values and percentage of absorption (PA, %) values. a Absorption of TSG in the stomach and small intestine. b The absorption rate constants (Ka, h^− 1) values of TSG at different drug concentrations. p < 0.01 (**), comparison with the group at 10 μg·mL^− 1 TSG. c The absorption rate constants (Ka, h^− 1) values of TSG at different pH values. p < 0.05 (*), p < 0.01 (**), comparison with the group at pH 7.4. d The percentage of absorption (PA, %) values of TSG at different pH values. p < 0.05 (*), p < 0.01 (**), comparison with the group at pH 7.4. All results are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 6)