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Table 3 Inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters of serum in different experimental groups

From: The effects of quercetin on seizure, inflammation parameters and oxidative stress in acute on chronic tramadol intoxication

Groups Variable

Control

Tramadol

Tramadol + single Quercetin

Tramadol + chronic quercetin

Tramadol + single Quercetin + Naloxone

NOx (μmol/l)

24.9 [19, 54.8]

51.4 [26.2, 73.9]

27.9 [11.16, 81.9]

22.1 [12.5, 27.6]

33.39 [12.18, 108.6]

SOD (U/ml)

439.5 ± 50.3

494.6 ± 99.1

527.9 ± 78.2

574.4 ± 76.5

441.5 ± 86.9

MDA (μmol/l)

2.15 ± 0.2

2.32 ± 0.3

2.39 ± 0.3

2.21 ± 0.4

2.5 ± 0.7

IL-6 (ng/L)

8.6 ± 3.4

11.4 ± 4.5

12.87 ± 4.4

13.01 ± 4

10.08 ± 1.7

Tnf-a (pg/mL)

10.32 ± 1.1

13.86 ± 4.3

13.7 ± 2.8

15.2 ± 1.3*

14.6 ± 0.8*

  1. Statistical comparison between groups was made using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroniposthoc or Kruskal Wallis test and Dunn-Bonferroni post hoc
  2. NOx: Nitric Oxide, SOD: Superoxide dismutase, MDA: Malondialdehyde, IL-6: interleukin-6, Tnf-a: Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha
  3. * p < 0.05 significant as compared to the control group