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Table 5 WHO/INRUD core drug use indicators in different countries

From: WHO/INRUD Core drug use indicators and commonly prescribed medicines: a National Survey from Sri Lanka

Country [Ref]

Type of survey, Year

WHO/INRUD Core Drug use Indicators (WHO recommended value)

Prescribing Indictors

Patient Care Indicators

Medicines* (1.6–1.8)

Antibiotics† (20–26.8%)

Injections‡ (13.4–24.1%)

Generic name¥ (100%)

Essential Medicines¶ (100%)

Dispensed# (100%)

Labelled§ (100%)

Sri Lanka

Present study, 2015

3.1

23.8%

1.2%

35.5%

68.8%

92.4%

98.5%

Africa

Region (PC), 2006–2015

3.5

49.0%

24.8%

70.4%

88.9%

NR

NR

Bahrain

PC, 2003

2.6

26.2%

8.3%

14.3%

99.8%

NR

NR

Brazil

National (PC), 2015

2.4

5.8%

6.0%

NR

45.1%

NR

NR

China

Provincial (PC), 2009–2010

3.2

50.9%

24.4%

NR

68.3%

NR

NR

Jordan

PC, 1999–2000

2.3

60.9%

1.2%

5.1%

93.0%

81.8%

91.4%

Pakistan

PC, 2014

3.4

48.9%

27.1%

71.6%

93.4%

90.9%

100%

Saudi Arabia

PC, 2010

2.4

32.2%

2.0%

61.2%

99.2%

99.6%

10.0%

  1. #*Medicines per encounter; †Encounters with an antibiotic; ‡Encounters with an injection; ¥Medicines prescribed in generic name; ¶Medicines prescribed from essential medicines list; #Medicines actually dispensed; §Medicines accurately labelled; NR Not reported; PC Primary Care