Characteristics, % | Before propensity score matching | After propensity score matching | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PPI users (n = 26,166) | H2RA users (n = 62,629) | Absolute standardized difference | PPI users (n = 26,166) | H2RA users (n = 62,117) | Absolute standardized difference | |
Age group, % | ||||||
18–19 | 0.9 | 1.8 | 0.08 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 0.02 |
20–24 | 4.7 | 8.3 | 0.15 | 6.5 | 7.4 | 0.03 |
25–29 | 6.7 | 9.3 | 0.10 | 8.3 | 8.6 | 0.01 |
30–34 | 6.3 | 8.0 | 0.07 | 7.7 | 7.4 | 0.01 |
35–39 | 8.0 | 8.5 | 0.02 | 8.6 | 8.3 | 0.01 |
40–44 | 7.9 | 6.7 | 0.05 | 7.3 | 7.0 | 0.01 |
45–49 | 8.9 | 7.6 | 0.05 | 8.2 | 8.0 | 0.01 |
50–54 | 8.8 | 7.2 | 0.06 | 7.9 | 7.6 | 0.01 |
55–59 | 8.9 | 7.9 | 0.04 | 8.3 | 8.3 | < 0.01 |
60–64 | 8.3 | 7.1 | 0.04 | 7.5 | 7.5 | < 0.01 |
65–69 | 7.0 | 5.8 | 0.05 | 6.2 | 6.1 | < 0.01 |
70–74 | 6.5 | 5.4 | 0.05 | 5.7 | 5.7 | < 0.01 |
75–79 | 6.9 | 6.3 | 0.02 | 6.5 | 6.4 | < 0.01 |
80–84 | 5.8 | 5.7 | < 0.01 | 5.6 | 5.7 | < 0.01 |
85–89 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 0.01 | 3.1 | 3.1 | < 0.01 |
Gender, female, % | 49.6 | 53.8 | 0.08 | 52.0 | 52.7 | 0.02 |
Medical history: general, % | ||||||
Acute respiratory disease | 49.2 | 56.9 | 0.16 | 49.5 | 56.7 | 0.15 |
Chronic liver disease | 5.6 | 3.9 | 0.08 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 0.05 |
Chronic obstructive lung disease | 4.6 | 3.7 | 0.05 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 0.01 |
Depressive disorder | 12.3 | 11.9 | 0.01 | 11.5 | 12.1 | 0.02 |
Diabetes mellitus | 17.4 | 14.6 | 0.08 | 15.8 | 15.1 | 0.02 |
Gastrointestinal hemorrhage | 3.5 | 1.9 | 0.10 | 3.3 | 1.9 | 0.09 |
Hyperlipidemia | 38.6 | 30.9 | 0.16 | 35.7 | 31.7 | 0.08 |
Hypertensive disorder | 35.4 | 29.7 | 0.12 | 35.7 | 31.7 | 0.08 |
Lesion of liver | 4.7 | 3.0 | 0.09 | 4.2 | 3.2 | 0.06 |
Osteoarthritis | 11.5 | 15.9 | 0.13 | 10.9 | 16.1 | 0.15 |
Pneumonia | 7.4 | 6.3 | 0.04 | 6.6 | 6.6 | < 0.00 |
Renal impairment | 7.2 | 3.7 | 0.16 | 6.2 | 3.8 | 0.11 |
Rheumatoid arthritis | 2.2 | 2.2 | 0.00 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 0.02 |
Ulcerative colitis | 0.2 | 0.2 | < 0.01 | 0.2 | 0.2 | < 0.01 |
Atrial fibrillation | 2.6 | 1.5 | 0.07 | 2.3 | 1.6 | 0.05 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 5.2 | 4.8 | 0.02 | 4.7 | 4.9 | 0.01 |
Heart disease | 18.6 | 12.7 | 0.16 | 16.8 | 13.1 | 0.10 |
Heart failure | 7.9 | 4.8 | 0.12 | 7.0 | 5.1 | 0.08 |
Ischemic heart disease | 10.1 | 6.5 | 0.13 | 9.0 | 6.7 | 0.08 |
Peripheral vascular disease | 9.9 | 9.6 | 0.01 | 9.0 | 9.8 | 0.03 |
Malignant neoplastic disease | 9.0 | 7.6 | 0.05 | 8.1 | 8.0 | < 0.01 |
Medication use, % | ||||||
Antibacterials for systemic use | 58.2 | 69.5 | 0.24 | 57.4 | 69.4 | 0.25 |
Antidepressants | 12.9 | 12.5 | 0.01 | 12.0 | 12.8 | 0.02 |
Antiepileptics | 11.1 | 12.2 | 0.04 | 9.9 | 12.6 | 0.09 |
Anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic products | 49.2 | 68.4 | 0.40 | 49.2 | 68.2 | 0.39 |
Antineoplastic agents | 3.2 | 2.6 | 0.40 | 2.8 | 2.8 | < 0.00 |
Antithrombotic agents | 38.4 | 46.1 | 0.16 | 36.9 | 46.3 | 0.19 |
Diuretics | 16.0 | 13.0 | 0.08 | 14.4 | 13.5 | 0.03 |
Drugs for obstructive airway disease | 17.8 | 21.1 | 0.08 | 17.2 | 21.4 | 0.11 |
Drugs used in diabetes | 16.2 | 12.9 | 0.09 | 14.6 | 13.4 | 0.03 |
Immunosuppressants | 3.5 | 2.6 | 0.05 | 3.1 | 2.6 | 0.03 |
Lipid modifying agents | 27.9 | 21.3 | 0.16 | 25.3 | 22.0 | 0.08 |
Opioids | 50.4 | 61.3 | 0.22 | 29.2 | 61.6 | 0.25 |
Charlson comorbidity index | 2.79 | 2.79 | 0.17 | 2.32 | 2.61 | 0.06 |