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Table 1 This table depicts the number of cases of MRONJ reported to the FAERS database for each of the twenty most commonly reported medications from 2010 to 2014 and from 2015 to 2021

From: Medication-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw: a review of cases from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS)

2010 to 2014

2015 to 2021

Medication (Drug Class):

Drug Indication:

# of ONJ Cases

% of total reported

Medication:

Drug Indication:

# of ONJ Cases

% of total reported

1. Zoledronic Acid (BP)

Osteoporosis

1903

60.8

1. Denosumab (RANKL-i)

Osteoporosis

3148

54.5

2. Alendronate (BP)

Osteoporosis

576

18.4

2. Zoledronic Acid (BP)

Osteoporosis

2027

35.1

3. Denosumab (RANKL-i)

Osteoporosis

506

16.2

3. Alendronate (BP)

Osteoporosis

447

7.7

4. Pamidronate (BP)

Osteoporosis

301

9.6

4. Ibandronate (BP)

Osteoporosis

200

3.5

5. Ibandronate (BP)

Osteoporosis

112

3.6

5. Lenalidomide (immunomodulator w multiple MOA)

Cancer; immunomodulator with multiple MOA

150

2.6

6. Lenalidomide (immunomodulator w multiple MOA)

Cancer; immunomodulator with multiple MOA

82

2.6

6. Pamidronate (BP)

Osteoporosis

115

2.0

7. Risedronate (BP)

Osteoporosis

81

2.6

7. Bevacizumab (anti-VEGF)

Cancer; monoclonal anti-VEGF

114

2.0

8. Sunitinib (TKI, antiangiogenic)

Cancer; tyrosine kinase inhibitor

56

1.8

8. Prednisolone (CS)

Variety of different indications; many different MOA

103

1.8

9. Bevacizumab (anti-VEGF)

Cancer; monoclonal anti-VEGF

50

1.6

9. Risedronate (BP)

Osteoporosis

101

1.7

10. Prednisolone (CS)

Variety of different indications; many different MOA

42

1.3

10. Dexamethasone (CS)

Variety of different indications; many different MOA

99

1.7

11. Dexamethasone (CS)

Variety of different indications; many different MOA

35

11.1

11. Everolimus (mTOR i)

Cancer; immunomodulator

90

1.6

12. Docetaxel (MT depolymerizer)

Cancer; MT depolymerization

24

0.8

12. Sunitinib (TKI, antiangiogenesis)

Cancer; tyrosine kinase inhibitor

78

1.4

13. Letrozole (aromatase inhibitor)

Cancer; hormonal effects

15

0.5

13. Palbociclib (CDK 4/6 inhibitor)

Cancer; hormonal effects

74

1.3

14. Methotrexate (antimetabolite)

Cancer; cytotoxic agent

15

0.5

14. Docetaxel (MT depolymerizer)

Cancer; MT depolymerization

54

0.9

15. Everolimus (mTOR inhibitor)

Cancer; immunomodulator

12

0.4

15. Methotrexate (antimetabolite)

Cancer; cytotoxic agent

51

0.9

16. Paclitaxel (MT depolymerizer)

Cancer; MT depolymerization

9

0.3

16. Prednisone (CS)

Variety of different indications; many different MOA

47

0.8

17. Imatinib (TKI)

Cancer; tyrosine kinase inhibitor

8

0.3

17. Pomalidomide (unclear; multiple MOA

Cancer; immunomodulator

29

0.5

18. Sorafenib (TKI, anti VEGF)

Cancer; immunomodulator

8

0.3

18. Radium 223 (emits high energy particles inducing cytotoxic DNA ds breaks in cells)

Cancer; radiotherapy

25

0.4

19. Teriparatide (rPTH)

Osteoporosis; hormonal effects

7

0.2

19. Nivolumab (PD Rc-1 inhibitor)

Cancer; immunomodulator

23

0.4

20. Temsirolimus (mTOR inhibitor)

Cancer; immunomodulator

6

0.2

20. Cabozantinib (TKI)

Cancer; tyrosine kinase inhibitor

22

0.4

  1. Key: BP Bisphosphonate, RANKL-i Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand inhibitor, MOA Mechanism of action, TKI Tyrosine kinase inhibitor, VEGF Vascular endothelial growth factor, CS Corticosteroid, MT Microtubule, mTOR Mechanistic target of rapamycin, rPTH Recombinant parathyroid hormone, PD-1 Programmed death-1, Rc Receptor, CDK Cyclin dependent kinase