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Fig. 2 | BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology

Fig. 2

From: Lupeol alleviates atopic dermatitis-like skin inflammation in 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene/Dermatophagoides farinae extract-induced mice

Fig. 2

Effects of lupeol on the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated keratinocytes. (A) The gene expression of cytokines and chemokines was determined by RT-qPCR. HaCaT cells (2 × 105 cells/well in a 24-well plate) were pretreated with lupeol (0.1, 1, or 10 µM) or Dexa (10 µM) for 2 h, and then stimulated with 10 ng/ml of TNF-α and IFN-γ for 6 h. The gene expression was normalized to GAPDH. (B) The protein secretion was measured by ELISA. HaCaT cells (2 × 105 cells/well in a 24-well plate) were pretreated with lupeol (0.1, 1, or 10 µM) or Dexa (10 µM) for 2 h, and then stimulated with 10 ng/ml of TNF-α and IFN-γ for 24 h. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 3). ###p < 0.001 versus CON group, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 versus TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated group. CON, control; ND, not detected

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