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Fig. 2 | BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology

Fig. 2

From: Vanillic acid alleviates methamphetamine-induced mitochondrial toxicity in cardiac mitochondria via antioxidant activity and inhibition of MPT Pore opening: an in-vitro study

Fig. 2

Decline of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) collapse in cardiac mitochondria by VA in presence of methamphetamine. Cardiac mitochondria were treated/cotreated with methamphetamine, methamphetamine plus various concentrations (10, 50 and 100 µM) of VA and VA (100 µM) alone for 60 min. ΔΨm was measured using flow cytometric analysis. Treatment with 250 µM methamphetamine increased the ΔΨm. While various concentrations (50 and 100 µM) of VA alleviates methamphetamine-induced ΔΨm. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. *** p < 0.001 versus untreated control; ## p < 0.01 versus methamphetamine group; ### p < 0.001 versus methamphetamine group (one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison tests). ΔΨm, mitochondrial membrane potential; METH, methamphetamine; VA, Vanillic acid; SD standard deviation

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BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology

ISSN: 2050-6511

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