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Basic pharmacology

Section edited by David Farb

This section considers submissions that focus on receptor pharmacology, signal transduction, pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenomics relating to all organ systems.

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  1. Prescription of second-generation antipsychotic drugs (SGAs) to childhood/adolescent has exponentially increased in recent years, which was associated with the greater risk of significant weight gain and dysli...

    Authors: Xuemei Liu, Xiyu Feng, Chao Deng, Lu Liu, Yanping Zeng and Chang-Hua Hu

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2020 21:48

    Content type: Research article

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  2. Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting 2–3% of the population worldwide. Hyperproliferative keratinocytes were thought to be an amplifier of inflammatory response, thereby sustaining persis...

    Authors: Jintao Gao, Junfan Guo, Yuejuan Nong, Wenfei Mo, Huanan Fang, Jing Mi, Qi Qi and Mengjuan Yang

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2020 21:41

    Content type: Research article

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  3. Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy among women and the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Among which nuclear estrogen receptor (nER) negative breast cancer is always with m...

    Authors: Danning Shi, Piwen Zhao, Lixia Cui, Hongbo Li, Liping Sun, Jianzhao Niu and Meng Chen

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2020 21:32

    Content type: Research article

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  4. Although recent studies using experimental models of ischemic brain injury indicate that systemically-administered β1-blockers have potential protective effects on the cerebrovascular system, the precise mechanis...

    Authors: Nobumasa Asano, Sohei Hishiyama, Tadahiko Ishiyama, Masakazu Kotoda and Takashi Matsukawa

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2020 21:13

    Content type: Research article

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  5. Cyclosporine-A has been regarded as an immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory drug for the treatment of various immune inflammatory diseases. However, the effect of Cyclosporine-A on the retina of type 2 diabe...

    Authors: Peng Wang, Fei Chen and Xuedong Zhang

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2020 21:9

    Content type: Research article

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  6. Obesity is a multifactorial chronic disease that comprises several pathological events, such as adipose hypertrophy, fatty liver and insulin resistance. Inflammation is a key contributer to development of thes...

    Authors: Mohammad Alsaggar, Shifa Bdour, Qutaibah Ababneh, Tamam El-Elimat, Nidal Qinna and Karem H. Alzoubi

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2020 21:8

    Content type: Research article

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  7. 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbence-2-O-β-D-glucoside (TSG) is a polyhydroxyphenolic compound, which exhibited a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-depression, anti-oxidat...

    Authors: Cheng Wang, Yimeng Zhou, Xiaohong Gong, Li Zheng and Yunxia Li

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2020 21:7

    Content type: Research article

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  8. Cola nitida is commonly chewed in many West African cultures to ease hunger pangs and sometimes for their stimulant and euphoriant qualities. Metoclopramide is a known substrate for P-gp, SULT2A1 and CYP2D6 and s...

    Authors: Cecilia Nwadiuto Amadi and Wisdom Izuchukwu Nwachukwu

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2020 21:4

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Liver ischemia reperfusion (I/R) damage which is frequently seen in clinical hepatobiliary surgeries has no effective treatment for it. Liv-52, known to have hepatoprotective effects, is a natural antioxidant ...

    Authors: Orhan Cimen, Hüseyin Eken, Ferda Keskin Cimen, Arif Burak Cekic, Nezahat Kurt, Asli Ozbek Bilgin, Bahadir Suleyman, Halis Suleyman, Renad Mammadov, Kamil Pehlivanoglu and Eray Kurnaz

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2020 21:2

    Content type: Research article

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  10. T lymphocytes play an important role in contact hypersensitivity. This study aims to explore the immunosuppressive activity of SBF-1, an analog of saponin OSW-1, against T lymphocytes in vitro and in vivo.

    Authors: Wei Chen, Xianying Fang, Yuan Gao, Ke Shi, Lijun Sun, Biao Yu, Qiong Luo and Qiang Xu

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2019 20:86

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Studies have indicated that changed expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in epithelial cells from the kidney could affect the renal function in chronic kidney disease (CKD). As Angiotensin II (An...

    Authors: Hao Huang, Yanqin Fan, Zhao Gao, Wei Wang, Ning Shao, Lu Zhang, Yingjie Yang, Weifang Zhu, Zhaowei Chen, Jijia Hu and Guohua Ding

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2019 20:59

    Content type: Research article

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  12. Among adipose-derived factors, adipocytokines play roles as hormones and signaling mediators for apoptotic pathway. Among of them, vaspin, regulates the metabolism of adipose tissue itself as an endocrine orga...

    Authors: Magdalena Skonieczna, Dorota Hudy, Tomasz Hejmo, Rafal J. Buldak, Małgorzata Adamiec and Michal Kukla

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2019 20:58

    Content type: Research article

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  13. Poncirin is flavanone derivative (isolated from Poncirus trifoliata) with known pharmacological activities such as anti-tumor, anti-osteoporotic, anti-inflammatory and anti-colitic. The present study aimed to exp...

    Authors: Ruqayya Afridi, Ashraf Ullah Khan, Sidra Khalid, Bushra Shal, Hina Rasheed, Muhammad Zia Ullah, Omer Shehzad, Yeong Shik Kim and Salman Khan

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2019 20:57

    Content type: Research article

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  14. There are evidences that chlorogenic acid (CGA) has antidepressant effects, however the underlying molecular mechanism has not been well understood. The aim of the study was to explore the neuroprotective effe...

    Authors: Xiaowen Shi, Nian Zhou, Jieyi Cheng, Xunlong Shi, Hai Huang, Mingmei Zhou and Haiyan Zhu

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2019 20:56

    Content type: Research article

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  15. The investigation of food-drug and plant-drug interactions has become increasingly important. In case of antibiotics, it is essential to achieve and maintain a plasma concentration sufficient for the antimicro...

    Authors: Tivadar Kiss, Zoltán Timár, Andrea Szabó, Anita Lukács, Viktória Velky, Gábor Oszlánczi, Edina Horváth, István Takács, István Zupkó and Dezső Csupor

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2019 20:54

    Content type: Research article

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  16. Chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) has been attributed to chemotherapeutic agents such as cisplatin which adversely affect disease outcome leading to increased cancer related morbidity. The clin...

    Authors: Muhammad Shahid, Fazal Subhan, Nisar Ahmad and Robert D. E. Sewell

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2019 20:51

    Content type: Research article

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  17. KCNH family of potassium channels is responsible for diverse physiological functions ranging from the regulation of neuronal excitability and cardiac contraction to the regulation of cancer progression. KCNH c...

    Authors: Ze-Jun Wang, Purushottam B. Tiwari, Aykut Üren and Tinatin I. Brelidze

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2019 20:42

    Content type: Research article

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  18. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant health burden that increases the risk of adverse events. Currently, there is no validated models to predict risk of mortality among CKD patients experienced advers...

    Authors: Monica Danial, Mohamed Azmi Hassali, Ong Loke Meng, Yoon Chee Kin and Amer Hayat Khan

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2019 20:41

    Content type: Research article

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  19. Antibiotic-resistant pathogens are an emerging threat in this century. Epinecidin-1 is a multi-functional Antimicrobial Peptide (AMP) produced by Orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) has been shown to ha...

    Authors: Alireza Neshani, Hosna Zare, Mohammad Reza Akbari Eidgahi, Azad Khaledi and Kiarash Ghazvini

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2019 20:33

    Content type: Research article

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  20. It is an established fact that excess of glucocorticoids could cause the harmful effects, such as suppression on the male reproduction. Although glucocorticoids pharmacologically inhibit the Leydig cell functi...

    Authors: Jingwei Zhang, Guanghui Hu, Bisheng Huang, Dong Zhuo, Yujie Xu, Huitao Li, Xiangcheng Zhan, Ren-Shan Ge and Yunfei Xu

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2019 20:32

    Content type: Research article

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  21. The activation of neurohumoral compensatory mechanisms is a common physiological phenomenon in heart failure in order to make up for a failing heart, which will usually have a deteriorating effect on overall h...

    Authors: Kawa Dizaye and Rojgar H. Ali

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2019 20:23

    Content type: Research article

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  22. The development of heart failure is accompanied by complex changes in cardiac electrophysiology and functional properties of cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors hold great pro...

    Authors: Johanna K. Freundt, Gerrit Frommeyer, Tilmann Spieker, Fabian Wötzel, Jochen Schulze Grotthoff, Jörg Stypmann, Georg Hempel, Michael Schäfers, Andreas H. Jacobs, Lars Eckardt and Philipp S. Lange

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2019 20:16

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Basic function of bromine in body is to activate pepsin production in gastritis with low acidity. The present study encompasses a broad in vivo study to evaluate gastroprotective activity of a novel dibromo su...

    Authors: Kamelia Saremi, Sima Kianpour Rad, Faezeh Tayeby, Mahmood A. Abdulla, Hamed Karimian and Nazia Abdul Majid

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2019 20:13

    Content type: Research article

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  25. There is evidence that atypical antipsychotics (APs) increase risk of osteoporosis in schizophrenia patients, however the mechanism is unclear. The aim of the study was to explore the molecular mechanisms abou...

    Authors: Peifan Li, Yiming Wang, Xingde Liu, Zhen Zhou, Jun Wang, Haiyan Zhou, Lei Zheng and Lixia Yang

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2019 20:10

    Content type: Research article

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  27. Several tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) developed as anti-cancer drugs, also have anti-viral activity due to their ability to disrupt productive replication and dissemination in infected cells. Consequently,...

    Authors: Hari Krishna Ananthula, Scott Parker, Erin Touchette, R. Mark Buller, Gopi Patel, Daniel Kalman, Johanna S. Salzer, Nadia Gallardo-Romero, Victoria Olson, Inger K. Damon, Tessa Moir-Savitz, Larry Sallans, Milton H. Werner, Catherine M. Sherwin and Pankaj B. Desai

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:80

    Content type: Research article

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  29. Ethnicity variation is one of the main factors that may affect drug response in clinical practice. As MTHFR gene affects different transcriptome and proteome which affect the clinical response of drugs. Purpos...

    Authors: Shakir Ullah, Niaz Ali, Adnan Khan, Saad Ali, Haleema Rehna Nazish and Zia Uddin

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:73

    Content type: Research article

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  30. 3,3′-Diindolylmethane (DIM) has been extensively studied as a potential therapeutic drug with free radical scavenging, antioxidant and anti-angiogenic effects. However, whether DIM has similar effects on cardi...

    Authors: Qiang Luo, Ankang Yang, Quan Cao and Hongjing Guan

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:71

    Content type: Research article

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  31. An increasing number of studies are investigating the effects of Chinese medicine on hepatic fibrosis, but only few studies have examined the anti-fibrogenic properties of Artesunate (ART). The aim of the pres...

    Authors: Jian Lv, Ruidan Bai, Li Wang, Jiefang Gao and Hong Zhang

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:64

    Content type: Research article

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  33. The aim of the present in vitro study was to investigate, in different genders, motor responses in surgical colonic specimens from patients with rectal cancer undergoing and not undergoing chemotherapy with ca...

    Authors: Maria Antonietta Maselli, Antonia Ignazzi, Francesco Pezzolla, Annunziata Scirocco, Dionigi Lorusso, Fabrizio De Ponti and Carola Severi

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:49

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Guidelines recommending vancomycin trough concentrations > 10 mg/L in non-deep seated infections are based on expert opinion. The objective of this study was to evaluate patients with non-deep seated infection...

    Authors: Michael Wan, Sandra A. N. Walker, Elaine Martin, Marion Elligsen, Lesley Palmay and Jerome A. Leis

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:47

    Content type: Research article

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  35. Current studies have demonstrated that DODAC/PHO-S (Dioctadecyldimethylammonium Chloride/Synthetic phosphoethanolamine) liposomes induces cytotoxicity in Hepa1c1c7 and B16F10 murine tumor cells, with a higher ...

    Authors: Arthur Cássio de Lima Luna, Greice Kelle Viegas Saraiva, Gilberto Orivaldo Chierice, Henrique Hesse and Durvanei Augusto Maria

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:44

    Content type: Research article

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  36. Topical administration of PR022, 0.05% hypochlorous acid (HOCl) in gel has been demonstrated to be beneficial in a chronic murine atopic dermatitis model. In a follow up study we tested a higher concentration ...

    Authors: Tomoki Fukuyama, Sarah Ehling, Jenny Wilzopolski and Wolfgang Bäumer

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:37

    Content type: Research article

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  37. Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), an epithelial malignancy of the biliary tree, is one of the aggressive cancers with poor prognosis and unsatisfactory response to chemotherapy with acquired resistance. NAD(P)H-quinon...

    Authors: Pimradasiri Srijiwangsa, Saranyoo Ponnikorn and Kesara Na-Bangchang

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:32

    Content type: Research article

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  38. Grifolic acid is a derivative of grifolin, an antitumor natural compound, and it was reported as an agonist of free fatty acid receptor GPR120. Little is known about its antitumor effects and the involvement o...

    Authors: Yufeng Zhao, Lei Zhang, Aili Yan, Di Chen, Rong Xie, Yingguang Liu, Xiangyan Liang, Yanyan Zhao, Lanlan Wei, Jun Yu, Xi Xu and Xingli Su

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:26

    Content type: Research article

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  39. Pueraria candollei var. mirifica is a medicinal plant that is promoted as a “Champion Product” by the Government of Thailand. This plant has been reported to relieve postmenopausal symptoms, prevent and reverse b...

    Authors: Tosapol Anukunwithaya, Pilaslak Poo, Natthaphon Hunsakunachai, Ratchanee Rodsiri, Suchinda Malaivijitnond and Phisit Khemawoot

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:25

    Content type: Research article

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  40. Based on accumulating evidence, the regulation of protein expression by antipsychotic drugs (APDs) might be closely related to the control of psychotic symptoms when these drugs are used to treat mental disord...

    Authors: Tinchou Li, Mingcheng Lee, Fuming Tsai, Yunhsiang Chen, Yiyin Lin and Maoliang Chen

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:9

    Content type: Research article

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  41. Clonidine is an imidazoline sympatholytic, acting on both α2-adrenergic and imidazoline receptors in the brainstem to induce antihypertensive and negative chronotropic effects in the vasculature and heart respect...

    Authors: Alexander J. Sandweiss, Christopher M. Morrison, Anne Spichler and John Rozich

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:6

    Content type: Case report

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  42. In the past decade several studies have reported that in some brain areas, particularly, in the midbrain periaqueductal gray matter, rostral ventro-medial medulla, central nucleus of amygdala, nucleus raphe ma...

    Authors: Nana Tsiklauri, Natia Pirkulashvili, Ivliane Nozadze, Marina Nebieridze, Gulnaz Gurtskaia, Elene Abzianidze and Merab G. Tsagareli

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:2

    Content type: Research article

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  43. γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain where it regulates activity of neuronal networks. The receptor for glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is expressed in the hippocampu...

    Authors: Omar Babateen, Sergiy V. Korol, Zhe Jin, Amol K. Bhandage, Aikeremu Ahemaiti and Bryndis Birnir

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2017 18:83

    Content type: Research article

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  44. Hyperglycemia-induced advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and receptor for AGEs (RAGE) production play major roles in progression of diabetic nephropathy. Anti-RAGE effect of peroxisome proliferator-activat...

    Authors: Jui-Ting Chang, Yao-Jen Liang, Chia-Yu Hsu, Chao-Yi Chen, Po-Jung Chen, Yi-Feng Yang, Yen-Lin Chen, Dee Pei, Jin-Biou Chang and Jyh-Gang Leu

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2017 18:67

    Content type: Research article

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  45. Our previous studies demonstrated that growth and migration of medulloblastoma (MB), the most common malignant brain tumor in children, are stimulated by 17β-estradiol. The growth stimulating effects of estrog...

    Authors: Scott M. Belcher, Caleb C. Burton, Clifford J. Cookman, Michelle Kirby, Gabriel L. Miranda, Fatima O. Saeed and Kathleen E. Wray

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2017 18:63

    Content type: Research article

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  46. Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) has various biological activities including as antioxidant and an inhibitor of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. However, both oxidative stress and activated PI3K/AKT signaling contribute to ...

    Authors: Tianbao Chen, Shaoxiong Deng and Rong Lin

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2017 18:57

    Content type: Research article

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  49. E2HSA is a genetic fusion protein that consists of two tandem exendin-4 molecules that are covalently bonded to recombinant human serum albumin via a peptide linker. Previous studies have demonstrated that E2H...

    Authors: Caina Li, Shaocong Hou, Shuainan Liu, Yi Huan, Sujuan Sun, Quan Liu and Zhufang Shen

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2017 18:48

    Content type: Research article

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  50. The COP9 signalosome (CSN) is a conserved protein complex composed of 8 subunits designated CSN1-CSN8. CSN3 represents the third subunit of the CSN and maintains the integrity of the complex. CSN3 binds to the...

    Authors: Mariam A. Ba, Jeffrey Surina, Cherie A. Singer and Maria L. Valencik

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2017 18:47

    Content type: Research article

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