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Toxicology

Section edited by Michael Aschner and Lucio Costa

This section considers submissions that focus on pharmaceutical, molecular and regulatory toxicology.

Page 1 of 2

  1. Content type: Case report

    Carbon monoxide poisoning is a common emergency worldwide, which carries high morbidity and mortality. Some patients who recover from the insult of acute carbon monoxide toxicity may later develop delayed neur...

    Authors: Prabhashini Kumarihamy, Senanayake Abeysinghe Mudiyanselage Kularatne, Manoji Pathirage, Wasala Mudiyanselage Sujeewa Nilanthi Gunaratne and Roshita Waduge

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2019 20:17

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  2. Content type: Research article

    Paraquat (PQ) poisoning is a public health problem in many regions of Colombia. This study aimed to estimate the burden of PQ poisoning in the Department of Antioquia, Colombia.

    Authors: Jefferson Antonio Buendía, Gabriel Jaime Restrepo Chavarriaga and Andrés F. Zuluaga

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2019 20:11

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  3. Content type: Research article

    Levels of toxic metal exposure in indigenous inhabitants are key bioindicators of the severity of environmental contamination. This study measured the seasonal variation of heavy metals and metallothionein (MT...

    Authors: Ai Yin Sow, Ahmad Ismail, Syaizwan Zahmir Zulkifli, Mohammad Noor Amal and Kamarul Hambali

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2019 20:8

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  4. Content type: Research article

    Fluoroquinolones are among the most frequently utilized antibacterial agents in developing countries like Ethiopia. Ciprofloxacin has become the most prescribed drug within this class and remains as one of the...

    Authors: Mekonnen Sisay, Fitsum Weldegebreal, Tewodros Tesfa, Zerihun Ataro, Dadi Marami, Habtamu Mitiku, Birhanu Motbaynor and Zelalem Teklemariam

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:86

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  5. Content type: Research article

    Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are widely used drugs that have a narrow therapeutic index. Even minor overdoses must be treated in-hospital due to the risk of severe hypotension and bradycardia. We aimed to d...

    Authors: Mikkel B. Christensen, Kasper M. Petersen, Søren Bøgevig, Salam Al-Gibouri, Espen Jimenez-Solem, Kim P. Dalhoff, Tonny S. Petersen and Jon T. Andersen

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:78

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  6. Content type: Research article

    Oxidative stress is one potential mechanism that explain the direct effects of smoking on cardiac remodeling process. However, no study has compared different myocardial products of macromolecule oxidation aft...

    Authors: Maria Angélica Martins Lourenço, Mariana Gobbo Braz, Aline Garcia Aun, Bruna Letícia Buzati Pereira, Fábio Henrique Fernandes, Elisa Moya Kazmarek, Tatiana Fernanda Bachiega, Silmeia Garcia Zanati, Paula Schmidt Azevedo, Bertha Furlan Polegato, Ana Angélica Henrique Fernandes, Sergio Alberto Rupp de Paiva, Leonardo Antonio Mamede Zornoff and Marcos Ferreira Minicucci

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:74

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  7. Content type: Research article

    Acute cholinesterase inhibitor (CI) poisoning, including organophosphate and carbamate poisoning, is a crucial problem in developing countries. Acute intoxication results in a cholinergic crisis, neurological ...

    Authors: Min-Chun Chuang, Chih-Hao Chang, Chung Shu Lee, Shih-Hong Li, Ching-Chung Hsiao, Yueh-Fu Fang and Meng-Jer Hsieh

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:72

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  8. Content type: Case report

    Colchicine is a natural alkaloid that is mainly used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Effective and toxic doses are very similar, but case reports of higher colchicine doses inducing acute toxicosis...

    Authors: Hongzhen Zhong, Zhiqing Zhong, Hongyan Li, Tianbiao Zhou and Weiji Xie

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:69

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  9. Content type: Research article

    The misconception about dietary supplements being safe has led many into the in-patient wards. Cellgevity® (CGV) is a Max International premiere antioxidant supplement formula used by a large population. This ...

    Authors: O. Awodele, W. A. Badru, A. A. Busari, O. E. Kale, T. B. Ajayi, R. O. Udeh and P. M. Emeka

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:68

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  10. Content type: Research article

    Nanoparticles are widely utilized in many products such as cosmetics and sunscreens. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of hesperidin (HSP) on nano zinc oxide particles (nZnO) induced oxid...

    Authors: Sabah Ansar, Manal Abudawood, Amal S. A. Alaraj and Sherifa S. Hamed

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:65

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  11. Content type: Research article

    Poisonings constitute a significant medical, social and economic problem worldwide. In Poland there is no nationwide registry of poisonings, which results in a lack of accurate epidemiological data. Few public...

    Authors: Aleksandra Świderska, Marek Wiśniewski, Marek Wiergowski, Anna Krakowiak and Jacek Sein Anand

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:62

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  12. Content type: Research article

    Astragalus membranaceus, a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been widely used in the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in China. Astragaloside IV is one of the major compounds of Astragalus membrana...

    Authors: Chunlan Ji, Yueming Luo, Chuan Zou, Lihua Huang, Ruimin Tian and Zhaoyu Lu

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:53

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  13. Content type: Research article

    It is an established fact that humans and animals are exposed to more than one chemical concurrently from various sources such as food, air and water. In the past, much emphasis was laid on evaluating the toxi...

    Authors: Lakshay Mahajan, Pawan Kumar Verma, Rajinder Raina and Shilpa Sood

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:48

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  14. Content type: Research article

    Nonylphenol (NP) is an environmental endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) detected in human cord blood and milk. NP exposure in developmental periods results in hyperadrenalism and increasing 11β-hydroxysteroid...

    Authors: Ling-Ling Chang, Wan-Song Alfred Wun and Paulus S. Wang

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:45

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  15. Content type: Research article

    Cationic liposomes (CLs) can be used as non-viral vectors in gene transfer and drug delivery. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of its cytotoxicity has not been well elucidated yet.

    Authors: Ying Li, Xiu-Liang Cui, Qing-Shan Chen, Jing Yu, Hai Zhang, Jie Gao, Du-Xin Sun and Guo-Qing Zhang

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:43

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  16. Content type: Research article

    The aim of our study was to compare the ability of two combinations of oximes (HI-6 + trimedoxime and HI-6 + K203) with atropine to counteract acute sarin-induced brain damage with the efficacy of antidotal tr...

    Authors: Filip Caisberger, Jaroslav Pejchal, Jan Misik, Jiri Kassa, Martin Valis and Kamil Kuca

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:35

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  17. Content type: Research article

    Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is widely used for pulp-capping procedures in permanent teeth and as a gold standard material in endodontics. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of MTA on cell ...

    Authors: Chia-Ling Tsai, Mu-Chan Ke, Yi-Hao Chen, Hsi-Kung Kuo, Hun-Ju Yu, Chueh-Tan Chen, Ya-Chi Tseng, Pei-Chin Chuang and Pei-Chang Wu

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:21

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  18. Content type: Research article

    This investigation aimed to evaluate the role of methylation in the regulation of microRNA (miR)-122, miR-125b and miR-106b gene expression and the expression of their target genes during isoniazid (INH)-induc...

    Authors: Yuhong Li, Qi Ren, Lingyan Zhu, Yingshu Li, Jinfeng Li, Yiyang Zhang, Guoying Zheng, Tiesheng Han, Shufeng Sun and Fumin Feng

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:11

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  19. Content type: Research article

    Doxorubicin (DOX) is commonly used in the treatment of many types of cancers but its cardiotoxicity is limiting its clinical use. Beyond its anticoagulant action, enoxaparin (ENX), a low molecular weight hepar...

    Authors: Reem Ali Shaker, Samer Hassan Abboud, Hayder Chasib Assad and Najah Hadi

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2018 19:3

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  20. Content type: Case report

    Inquiries relating to ibuprofen overdose have more than tripled in the last ten years in our poison control center. Although the vast majority of cases have a benign clinical course, there are few severe or ev...

    Authors: Stefanie Geith, Bertold Renner, Christian Rabe, Jochen Stenzel and Florian Eyer

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2017 18:81

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  21. Content type: Research article

    Taurolidine has been used for peritonitis, oncological and catheter-lock treatment because of its anti-inflammatory properties. It has been suggested that taurolidine has no severe side-effects, but after long...

    Authors: René Fahrner, Anika Möller, Adrian T. Press, Andreas Kortgen, Michael Kiehntopf, Falk Rauchfuss, Utz Settmacher and Alexander S. Mosig

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2017 18:61

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  22. Content type: Research article

    Intracellular Ca2+ overload induced by extracellular Ca2+ entry has previously been confirmed to be an important mechanism for the cardiotoxicity as well as the acute heart dysfunction induced by jellyfish venom,...

    Authors: Qianqian Wang, Hui Zhang, Bo Wang, Chao Wang, Liang Xiao and Liming Zhang

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2017 18:60

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  23. Content type: Research article

    With the re-popularity of metal-on-metal (MoM) bearing in recent years, the cobalt toxicity has been a cause for concern in the total hip replacement surgery by both physicians and patients.

    Authors: Dahe Li, Wenwen Tong, Denghui Liu, Yuming Zou, Chen Zhang and Weidong Xu

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2017 18:58

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  24. Content type: Research article

    In order to obtain better clinical results in anticancer therapies, polychemotherapy or combination therapies are used. For this, the combinations are required to increase the efficacy and reduce the adverse r...

    Authors: Mariana de Oliveira Mauro, Renata Matuo, Natan de David, Regiane Lauriano Batista Strapasson, Rodrigo Juliano Oliveira, Maria Élida Alves Stefanello, Cândida Aparecida Leite Kassuya, Maria de Fátima de Cepa Matos, Fábio José Carvalho Faria and Deiler Sampaio Costa

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2017 18:53

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  25. Content type: Research article

    Environmental chemical-induced perturbations of gut microbiome are associated with a series of adverse health outcomes. The effects of triclosan on human health have been controversial in recent years. The pur...

    Authors: Bei Gao, Pengcheng Tu, Xiaoming Bian, Liang Chi, Hongyu Ru and Kun Lu

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2017 18:46

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  26. Content type: Research article

    Exposure to chemicals might be toxic to the developing brain. There is a need for simple and robust in vitro cellular models for evaluation of chemical-induced neurotoxicity as a complement to traditional stud...

    Authors: Dina Popova, Jessica Karlsson and Stig O. P. Jacobsson

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2017 18:42

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  27. Content type: Case report

    Tardive akathisia (TA) is a subtype of tardive syndrome, and its etiology is still uncertain. Sevikar is an anti-hypertensive agent containing both amlodipine and olmesartan, and has never been reported to hav...

    Authors: Men-Ting Hsieh, Pao-Yen Lin, Chia-Jen Tsai, Chiung-Chih Chang and Yu Lee

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2017 18:41

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  28. Content type: Research article

    Metformin associated lactic acidosis (MALA) is a rare but lethal complication. There is no consensus regarding when to stop and resume metformin in patients who undergo coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). ...

    Authors: Rakan I. Nazer and Khalid A. Alburikan

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2017 18:38

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  29. Content type: Case report

    Run Rat® is a rodenticide widely used against small mammals. It comprises of a minimum of 32% zinc phosphide which is highly toxic in acute exposures to humans. It may be consumed accidentally or intentionally...

    Authors: Nilukshana Yogendranathan, H. M. M. T. B. Herath, Thenuka Sivasundaram, R. Constantine and Aruna Kulatunga

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2017 18:37

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  30. Content type: Research article

    Cardol is a major bioactive constituent in the Trigona incisa propolis from Indonesia, with a strong in vitro antiproliferative activity against the SW620 colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (IC50 of 4.51 ± 0.76 ...

    Authors: Paula Mariana Kustiawan, Kriengsak Lirdprapamongkol, Tanapat Palaga, Songchan Puthong, Preecha Phuwapraisirisan, Jisnuson Svasti and Chanpen Chanchao

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2017 18:32

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  31. Content type: Research article

    The present study was designed to investigate the protective effect of aqueous date extract (ADE) against the dichloroacetic acid (DCA)-induced testicular injury in rats.

    Authors: Amira El Arem, Lamia Lahouar, Emna Behija Saafi, Amira Thouri, Fatma Ghrairi, Zohra Houas, Fadoua Neffati and Lotfi Achour

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2017 18:17

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  32. Content type: Research article

    Cs2K4Na [SiW9Nb3O40] (POM93) is a novel broad-spectrum antiviral agent with high activity, high stability, and low toxicity in vitro. Most toxicity studies for POM93 have been performed in cultured cell lines rat...

    Authors: Xiaofeng Qu, Kun Xu, Chao Zhao, Xiuling Song, Jinhua Li, Li Li, Wei Nie, Hao Bao, Juan Wang, Fenglan Niu and Juan Li

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2017 18:26

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  33. Content type: Research article

    Better and safer antidotes against cyanide poisoning are needed. Prior study has shown a favorable effect of isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) on the survival of cyanide-poisoned rabbits when administered as early a...

    Authors: Ophir Lavon, Amit Avrahami and Arik Eisenkraft

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2017 18:13

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  34. Content type: Case report

    Acyclovir has been widely used to treat infections caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella zoster virus (VZV). The common adverse effects of this drug include nausea, diarrhea, headache, dizziness a...

    Authors: Xiaowei Hong, Xiaoqian Wang and Zhiyong Wang

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2017 18:12

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  35. Content type: Case report

    Amitraz is a pesticide used worldwide on animals and in agriculture. It contains triazapentadiene, which is a centrally acting alpha-2 adrenergic agonist. Amitraz poisoning is fairly uncommon in humans and occ...

    Authors: H. M. M. T. B. Herath, S. P. Pahalagamage, Nilukshana Yogendranathan, M. D. M. S. Wijayabandara and Aruna Kulatunga

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2017 18:6

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  36. Content type: Research article

    Transport of methylmercury (MeHg) across the blood-brain barrier towards the brain side is well discussed in literature, while ethylmercury (EtHg) and inorganic mercury are not adequately characterized regardi...

    Authors: Hanna Lohren, Julia Bornhorst, Romy Fitkau, Gabriele Pohl, Hans-Joachim Galla and Tanja Schwerdtle

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2016 17:63

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  37. Content type: Research article

    Our objective was to test neural active compounds in a human developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) model that represents neural tube stages of vulnerability. Previously we showed that 14 days in vitro (DIV 14) was...

    Authors: Xian Wu, Anirban Majumder, Robin Webb and Steven L. Stice

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2016 17:62

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  39. Content type: Review

    Manganese (Mn) is an essential heavy metal. However, Mn’s nutritional aspects are paralleled by its role as a neurotoxicant upon excessive exposure. In this review, we covered recent advances in identifying me...

    Authors: Tanara V. Peres, Maria Rosa C. Schettinger, Pan Chen, Fabiano Carvalho, Daiana S. Avila, Aaron B. Bowman and Michael Aschner

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2016 17:57

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  40. Content type: Research article

    Lead (Pb2+) exposure has been shown to impair presynaptic neurotransmitter release in both in vivo and in vitro model systems. The mechanism by which Pb2+ impairs neurotransmitter release has not been fully eluci...

    Authors: Sara Rose Guariglia, Kirstie H. Stansfield, Jennifer McGlothan and Tomas R. Guilarte

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2016 17:56

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  41. Content type: Research article

    Metallothioneins (MT) are small proteins, which are crucial for the distribution of heavy and transition metals. Previously, we found in mice that knockout of MT 1 and 2 genes (MTKO) impaired spatial learning ...

    Authors: Ann Petro, Hannah G. Sexton, Caroline Miranda, Anit Rastogi, Jonathan H. Freedman and Edward D. Levin

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2016 17:55

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  42. Content type: Research article

    All living cells display a rapid molecular response to adverse environmental conditions, and the heat shock protein family reflects one such example. Hence, failing to activate heat shock proteins can impair t...

    Authors: Daiana Silva Avila, Alexandre Benedetto, Catherine Au, Julia Bornhorst and Michael Aschner

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2016 17:54

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  43. Content type: Research article

    In the present study, we investigated the arsenic accumulation in different parts of rice irrigated with arsenic contaminated water. Besides, we also evaluated the protective effects of Corchorus olitorius leaves...

    Authors: Saeed Mohammed Imran Hosen, Dipesh Das, Rupkanowar Kobi, Dil Umme Salma Chowdhury, Md Jibran Alam, Bashudev Rudra, Muhammad Abu Bakar, Saiful Islam, Zillur Rahman and Mohammad Al-Forkan

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2016 17:46

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  44. Content type: Case report

    Taxus (yew) is one of the most frequently reported plants causing potentially fatal outcome when taken incidentally or for suicidal reasons. A fast and reliable method of detection of poisonous compounds or th...

    Authors: Małgorzata Kobusiak-Prokopowicz, Anna Marciniak, Sylwester Ślusarczyk, Krzysztof Ściborski, Aneta Stachurska, Andrzej Mysiak and Adam Matkowski

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2016 17:41

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  45. Content type: Research article

    Crude Spondias pinnata bark extract was previously assessed for its antioxidant, anticancer and iron chelating potentials. The isolated compounds gallic acid (GA) and methyl gallate (MG) were evaluated for their ...

    Authors: Dipankar Chaudhuri, Nikhil Baban Ghate, Sourav Panja and Nripendranath Mandal

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2016 17:34

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  46. Content type: Research article

    MotherToBaby Utah is a teratogen information service that provides support for pregnant and breastfeeding women and healthcare providers regarding risks of exposures to medications, infections, herbals, homeop...

    Authors: Sarah C. Campbell, Tyler T. Kast, Manijeh Kamyar, Julia Robertson and Catherine M. Sherwin

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2016 17:33

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  47. Content type: Research article

    Sri Lanka has a high suicide rate, with more than 40 % of poisoning admissions due to overdose of drugs with Paracetamol being the commonest. Data regarding cardiotoxicity to paracetamol is very minimal though...

    Authors: Udaya Ralapanawa, Kushalee Poornima Jayawickreme, Ekanayake Mudiyanselage Madhushanka Ekanayake and A. M. S. Dhammika Menike Dissanayake

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2016 17:30

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  48. Content type: Research article

    3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or “ecstasy”) is a worldwide drug of abuse commonly used by adolescents. Most reports focus on MDMA’s neurotoxicity and use high doses in adult animals, meanwhile studie...

    Authors: Armanda Teixeira-Gomes, Vera Marisa Costa, Rita Feio-Azevedo, José Alberto Duarte, Margarida Duarte-Araújo, Eduarda Fernandes, Maria de Lourdes Bastos, Félix Carvalho and João Paulo Capela

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2016 17:28

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  50. Content type: Research article

    Although the recreational use of psychoactive substances is common there is only limited systematic collection of data on acute drug toxicity or hospital presentations, in particular regarding novel psychoacti...

    Authors: Evangelia Liakoni, Patrick C. Dolder, Katharina M. Rentsch and Matthias E. Liechti

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2016 17:25

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