Articles

Drug-related problems and medication reviews among old people with dementia

Drug-related problems, including medication errors and adverse drug events, are common among old people. Due to, for example, greater susceptibility to side effects, people with dementia are even more at risk ...

Authors: Bettina Pfister, Jeanette Jonsson and Maria Gustafsson

Erratum to: Analgesic use in a Norwegian general population: change over time and high-risk use - The Tromsø Study

Authors: Per-Jostein Samuelsen, Lars Slørdal, Ulla Dorte Mathisen and Anne Elise Eggen

Modulation of hepatic perfusion did not improve recovery from hepatic outflow obstruction

Focal hepatic venous outflow obstruction frequently occurs after extended liver resection and leads to a portal hypertension, arterial hypoperfusion and parenchymal necrosis.

Authors: J. Arlt, W. Wei, C. Xie, A. Homeyer, U. Settmacher, U. Dahmen and O. Dirsch

Multifaceted interventions for improving spontaneous reporting of adverse drug reactions in a general hospital in China

The present study investigates changes in spontaneous reporting (SR) compliance and ADR patterns following adoption of a new hospital SR system, and multiple interventions designed for its improvement use unde...

Authors: Huan Fang, Xiaowen Lin, Jun Zhang, Zhen Hong, Kenji Sugiyama, Takao Nozaki, Tetsuro Sameshima, Susumu Kobayashi, Hiroki Namba and Tetsuya Asakawa

The albumin-exendin-4 recombinant protein E2HSA improves glycemic control and β-cell function in spontaneous diabetic KKAy mice

E2HSA is a genetic fusion protein that consists of two tandem exendin-4 molecules that are covalently bonded to recombinant human serum albumin via a peptide linker. Previous studies have demonstrated that E2H...

Authors: Caina Li, Shaocong Hou, Shuainan Liu, Yi Huan, Sujuan Sun, Quan Liu and Zhufang Shen

Knockdown of subunit 3 of the COP9 signalosome inhibits C2C12 myoblast differentiation via NF-KappaB signaling pathway

The COP9 signalosome (CSN) is a conserved protein complex composed of 8 subunits designated CSN1-CSN8. CSN3 represents the third subunit of the CSN and maintains the integrity of the complex. CSN3 binds to the...

Authors: Mariam A. Ba, Jeffrey Surina, Cherie A. Singer and Maria L. Valencik

Profound perturbation induced by triclosan exposure in mouse gut microbiome: a less resilient microbial community with elevated antibiotic and metal resistomes

Environmental chemical-induced perturbations of gut microbiome are associated with a series of adverse health outcomes. The effects of triclosan on human health have been controversial in recent years. The pur...

Authors: Bei Gao, Pengcheng Tu, Xiaoming Bian, Liang Chi, Hongyu Ru and Kun Lu

Pain sensitivity and analgesic use among 10,486 adults: the Tromsø study

Increased pain sensitivity is a putative risk factor for chronic pain and consequently for analgesic use. Conversely, analgesic use may be a cause of increased pain sensitivity, e.g., through opioid-induced hy...

Authors: Per-Jostein Samuelsen, Christopher Sivert Nielsen, Tom Wilsgaard, Audun Stubhaug, Kristian Svendsen and Anne Elise Eggen

Data-driven prediction of adverse drug reactions induced by drug-drug interactions

The expanded use of multiple drugs has increased the occurrence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) induced by drug-drug interactions (DDIs). However, such reactions are typically not observed in clinical drug-de...

Authors: Ruifeng Liu, Mohamed Diwan M. AbdulHameed, Kamal Kumar, Xueping Yu, Anders Wallqvist and Jaques Reifman

Efficacy and safety of enzyme-replacement-therapy with agalsidase alfa in 36 treatment-naïve Fabry disease patients

Fabry disease (FD) is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder resulting from the α-galactosidase A gene mutations. Enzyme-replacement-therapy (ERT) products for FD currently used include agalsidase alfa and aga...

Authors: Kazuya Tsuboi and Hiroshi Yamamoto

Comparison of neurons derived from mouse P19, rat PC12 and human SH-SY5Y cells in the assessment of chemical- and toxin-induced neurotoxicity

Exposure to chemicals might be toxic to the developing brain. There is a need for simple and robust in vitro cellular models for evaluation of chemical-induced neurotoxicity as a complement to traditional stud...

Authors: Dina Popova, Jessica Karlsson and Stig O. P. Jacobsson

Tardive akathisia related to the anti-hypertensive agent Sevikar-a case report

Tardive akathisia (TA) is a subtype of tardive syndrome, and its etiology is still uncertain. Sevikar is an anti-hypertensive agent containing both amlodipine and olmesartan, and has never been reported to hav...

Authors: Men-Ting Hsieh, Pao-Yen Lin, Chia-Jen Tsai, Chiung-Chih Chang and Yu Lee

Inhibitors of ubiquitin E3 ligase as potential new antimalarial drug leads

Protein ubiquitylation is an important post-translational regulation, which has been shown to be necessary for life cycle progression and survival of Plasmodium falciparum. Ubiquitin is a highly conserved 76 amin...

Authors: Jagrati Jain, Surendra K. Jain, Larry A. Walker and Babu L. Tekwani

Hesperetin-5,7,3’-O-triacetate suppresses airway hyperresponsiveness in ovalbumin-sensitized and challenged mice without reversing xylazine/ketamine-induced anesthesia in normal mice

We recently reported that hesperetin-5,7,3’-O-triacetate (HTA) dually inhibited phosphodiesterase (PDE)3/4 with a therapeutic ratio of 20.8. The application and development of PDE4 inhibitors for treating asthma ...

Authors: You-Lan Yang, Chi-Li Chen, Chi-Ming Chen and Wun-Chang Ko

Metformin is not associated with lactic acidosis in patients with diabetes undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a case control study

Metformin associated lactic acidosis (MALA) is a rare but lethal complication. There is no consensus regarding when to stop and resume metformin in patients who undergo coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). ...

Authors: Rakan I. Nazer and Khalid A. Alburikan

A case report of zinc phosphide poisoning: complicated by acute renal failure and tubulo interstitial nephritis

Run Rat® is a rodenticide widely used against small mammals. It comprises of a minimum of 32% zinc phosphide which is highly toxic in acute exposures to humans. It may be consumed accidentally or intentionally...

Authors: Nilukshana Yogendranathan, H. M. M. T. B. Herath, Thenuka Sivasundaram, R. Constantine and Aruna Kulatunga

Psychotropic drug use and mortality in old people with dementia: investigating sex differences

Psychotropic drugs are common among old people with dementia, and have been associated with increased mortality. Previous studies have not investigated sex differences in this risk. This study was conducted to...

Authors: Jon Brännström, Gustaf Boström, Erik Rosendahl, Peter Nordström, Håkan Littbrand, Hugo Lövheim and Yngve Gustafson

Antimicrobial resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus isolates isolated from ear discharges of patients at University of Hawassa comprehensive specialized hospital

Drug-resistant microorganism are a growing global danger. Strains of S. aureus have developed resistance to many commonly used antimicrobials due to indiscriminate use of antimicrobials, and treatment becoming a ...

Authors: Serawit Deyno, Alemayehu Toma, Mesfin Worku and Muluken Bekele

A decade of adverse drug events in Portuguese hospitals: space-time clustering and spatial variation in temporal trends

The aim of this study is to identify the distribution by municipalities of adverse drug events (ADE) in Portugal, including adverse drug reactions (ADR) and accidental poisoning by drugs (AP), on municipality/...

Authors: Gianina Scripcaru, Ceu Mateus and Carla Nunes

The salvage therapy in lung adenocarcinoma initially harbored susceptible EGFR mutation and acquired resistance occurred to the first-line gefitinib and second-line cytotoxic chemotherapy

Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) such as gefitinib can provide better efficacy and prolonged progression free survival (PFS) than cytotoxic chemotherapy for metastatic lung ...

Authors: Chih-Jen Yang, Jen-Yu Hung, Ming-Ju Tsai, Kuan-Li Wu, Ta-Chih Liu, Shah-Hwa Chou, Jui-Ying Lee, Jui-Sheng Hsu, Ming-Shyan Huang and Inn-Wen Chong

Effects of diacetyl-liensinine on electrophysiology in rabbit ventricular myocytes

Diacetyl-liensinine is a chemosynthetic derivative of liensinine, extracted from the seed embryo of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn, in China. It has been found to have extensive anti- arrhythmic actions. The present stu...

Authors: Feng Cao, Teng Wang, Wenmao Ding, Zhe Li, Shaobo Shi and Xiaozhan Wang

Molecular mechanism of cardol, isolated from Trigona incisa stingless bee propolis, induced apoptosis in the SW620 human colorectal cancer cell line

Cardol is a major bioactive constituent in the Trigona incisa propolis from Indonesia, with a strong in vitro antiproliferative activity against the SW620 colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (IC₅₀ of 4.51 ± 0.76 ...

Authors: Paula Mariana Kustiawan, Kriengsak Lirdprapamongkol, Tanapat Palaga, Songchan Puthong, Preecha Phuwapraisirisan, Jisnuson Svasti and Chanpen Chanchao

Drug-transporter mediated interactions between anthelminthic and antiretroviral drugs across the Caco-2 cell monolayers

Drug interactions between antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) and anthelminthic drugs, ivermectin (IVM) and praziquantel (PZQ) were assessed by investigating their permeation through the Caco-2 cell monolayers in a tr...

Authors: Gabriel Kigen and Geoffrey Edwards

Erroneous formulation of delayed-release omeprazole capsules: alert for importing countries

Poor drug quality is a matter of serious concern, especially in countries where drug regulation and law enforcement are constrained by limited resources. This study was carried out to investigate the cause of ...

Authors: Mohammad Sofiqur Rahman, Naoko Yoshida, Hirohito Tsuboi, Tep Keila, Tey Sovannarith, Heng Bun Kiet, Eav Dararth, Theingi Zin, Tsuyoshi Tanimoto and Kazuko Kimura

Large-scale detection of drug off-targets: hypotheses for drug repurposing and understanding side-effects

Promiscuity in molecular interactions between small-molecules, including drugs, and proteins is widespread. Such unintended interactions can be exploited to suggest drug repurposing possibilities as well as to...

Authors: Matthieu Chartier, Louis-Philippe Morency, María Inés Zylber and Rafael J. Najmanovich

Salidroside contributes to reducing blood pressure and alleviating cerebrovascular contractile activity in diabetic Goto-Kakizaki Rats by inhibition of L-type calcium channel in smooth muscle cells

Vascular disease is a common and often severe complication in diabetes mellitus. Hyperglycemia and hypertension are considered to be two of the leading risk factors for vascular complications in diabetic patie...

Authors: Yu-Guang Ma, Jun-Wei Wang, Yun-Gang Bai, Mei Liu, Man-Jiang Xie and Zhi-Jun Dai

Dichloroacetic acid-induced testicular toxicity in male rats and the protective effect of date fruit extract

The present study was designed to investigate the protective effect of aqueous date extract (ADE) against the dichloroacetic acid (DCA)-induced testicular injury in rats.

Authors: Amira El Arem, Lamia Lahouar, Emna Behija Saafi, Amira Thouri, Fatma Ghrairi, Zohra Houas, Fadoua Neffati and Lotfi Achour

Coenzyme Q10 prevents oxidative stress and fibrosis in isoprenaline induced cardiac remodeling in aged rats

The objective of the present study aimed to investigate the effect of CoQ10 treatment on isoprenaline (ISO)-induced cardiac remodeling in rats.

Authors: Anayt Ulla, Mustafe Khalid Mohamed, Biswajit Sikder, AFM Towheedur Rahman, Farzana Akther Sumi, Murad Hossain, Hasan Mahmud Reza, G. M. Sayedur Rahman and Md Ashraful Alam

Adverse drug events observed in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with 100 mg versus 300 mg canagliflozin: a systematic review and meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials

Nowadays, canagliflozin monotherapy, or in combination with other oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs), is often administered in patients who are treated for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, we aimed to ...

Authors: Pravesh Kumar Bundhun, Girish Janoo and Feng Huang

Mechanism of the blood pressure-lowering effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in obese patients with type 2 diabetes

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are reported to have BP-lowering effect in addition to blood glucose-lowering effect, however, its mechanism is still unknown. This study aimed to investigate ...

Authors: Shin Kawasoe, Yukiko Maruguchi, Shoko Kajiya, Hitoshi Uenomachi, Masaaki Miyata, Mariko Kawasoe, Takuro Kubozono and Mitsuru Ohishi

Impact of matrix metalloproteinase 9 rs3918242 genetic variant on lipid-lowering efficacy of simvastatin therapy in Chinese patients with coronary heart disease

Genetic variation of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) gene polymorphism has been suggested to modulate coronary heart diseases (CHD), yet the underlying mechanisms are not well understood.

Authors: Yuanyuan Xu, Yan Wang, Jixin Zhi, Lichun Qi, Tong Zhang and Xueqi Li

Drug adherence for antihypertensive medications and its determinants among adult hypertensive patients attending in chronic clinics of referral hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia

Adherence to prescribed medication is an imperative issue which can be directly linked with the management of chronic diseases like hypertension; failure to adhere can affect the effectiveness of medication as...

Authors: Habtamu Sewunet Mekonnen, Mignote Hailu Gebrie, Kokeb Haile Eyasu and Abebaw Addis Gelagay

Genotoxicity and acute and subchronic toxicity studies of a bioactive polyoxometalate in Wistar rats

Cs₂K₄Na [SiW₉Nb₃O₄₀] (POM93) is a novel broad-spectrum antiviral agent with high activity, high stability, and low toxicity in vitro. Most toxicity studies for POM93 have been performed in cultured cell lines rat...

Authors: Xiaofeng Qu, Kun Xu, Chao Zhao, Xiuling Song, Jinhua Li, Li Li, Wei Nie, Hao Bao, Juan Wang, Fenglan Niu and Juan Li

Treatment adherence and persistence with long-acting somatostatin analog therapy for the treatment of acromegaly: a retrospective analysis

Many patients with acromegaly require medical treatment that includes somatostatin analogs (SSAs). Long-acting SSA formulations are widely used, due in part to increased patient convenience and increased treat...

Authors: Michelle H. Gurel, Yi Han, Andrea L. Stevens, Aaron Furtado and David Cox

Parecoxib reduced ventilation induced lung injury in acute respiratory distress syndrome

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) contributes to ventilation induced lung injury (VILI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The objective of present study was to observe the therapeutic effect of parecoxib ...

Authors: Fan-you Meng, Wei Gao and Ying-nan Ju

Pharmacokinetics of surotomycin from phase 1 single and multiple ascending dose studies in healthy volunteers

Surotomycin, a novel, orally administered, cyclic, lipopeptide antibacterial in development for the treatment of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea, has demonstrated minimal intestinal absorption in animal...

Authors: Gurudatt Chandorkar, Qiao Zhan, Julie Donovan, Shruta Rege and Hernando Patino

Methimazole associated eosinophilic pleural effusion: a case report

Adverse reactions associated to anti-thyroid drugs include fever, rash, arthralgia, agranulocytosis and hepatitis that are thought to be hypersensitivity reactions. Five cases of pleural effusion associated to...

Authors: Pedro Gaspar-da-Costa, Filipa Duarte Silva, Júlia Henriques, Sónia do Vale, Sandra Braz, João Meneses Santos and Rui M.M. Victorino

Effectiveness of isosorbide dinitrate in cyanide poisoning as a function of the administration timing

Better and safer antidotes against cyanide poisoning are needed. Prior study has shown a favorable effect of isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) on the survival of cyanide-poisoned rabbits when administered as early a...

Authors: Ophir Lavon, Amit Avrahami and Arik Eisenkraft

A rare case report of acyclovir-induced immune thrombocytopenia with tongue hematomas as the first sign, and a literature review

Acyclovir has been widely used to treat infections caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella zoster virus (VZV). The common adverse effects of this drug include nausea, diarrhea, headache, dizziness a...

Authors: Xiaowei Hong, Xiaoqian Wang and Zhiyong Wang

Long-term treatment of clarithromycin at a low concentration improves hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidant/antioxidant imbalance in human small airway epithelial cells by increasing Nrf2 mRNA expression

Clarithromycin (CAM), a representative macrolide antibiotic, has been used widely at low doses for long-term therapy of chronic inflammatory airway diseases. Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics ...

Authors: Kuninori Iwayama, Ayuko Kusakabe, Keisuke Ohtsu, Takahiro Nawano, Ryosuke Tatsunami, Ko-ichi Ohtaki, Yoshiko Tampo and Nobumasa Hayase

Regulation of voltage-gated potassium channels attenuates resistance of side-population cells to gefitinib in the human lung cancer cell line NCI-H460

Side-population (SP) cells that exclude anti-cancer drugs have been found in various tumor cell lines. Moreover, SP cells have a higher proliferative potential and drug resistance than main population cells (N...

Authors: Seon Young Choi, Hang-Rae Kim, Pan Dong Ryu and So Yeong Lee

Antibiotic use practices of pharmacy staff: a cross-sectional study in Saint Petersburg, the Russian Federation

Non-prescription access to antimicrobials is common, and self-prescribing is increasingly popular in Russian society. The aim of this study was to assess the attitudes of community pharmacists regarding antibi...

Authors: Tatiana Belkina, Natalia Duvanova, Julia Karbovskaja, Jurjen Duintjer Tebbens and Jiri Vlcek

The polypill approach – An innovative strategy to improve cardiovascular health in Europe

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of disability and premature death. Despite European guidelines advocating the use of medical therapies in CVD, many patients still do not achieve the guideline-rec...

Authors: Valentín Fuster, Francesc Gambús, Aldo Patriciello, Margaretha Hamrin and Diederick E. Grobbee

Erratum to: Synthetic and natural antioxidants attenuate cisplatin-induced vomiting

Authors: Javaid Alam, Fazal Subhan, Ihsan Ullah, Muhammad Shahid, Gowhar Ali and Robert D. E. Sewell

A case report of intravenous posaconazole in hepatic and renal impairment patient with invasive Aspergillus terreus infection: safety and role of therapeutic drug monitoring

Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a fatal infectious complication among immunocompromised patients. Aspergillus terreus, the fourth common species can be difficult to treat due to a unique resistance pattern. To dat...

Authors: Pitchaya Dilokpattanamongkol, Panadda Panusitthikorn, Rasda Boonprasert, Methee Chayakulkeeree and Porpon Rotjanapan

5-aminolevulinic acid combined with ferrous ion reduces adiposity and improves glucose tolerance in diet-induced obese mice via enhancing mitochondrial function

Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with obesity and various obesity-associated pathological conditions including glucose intolerance. 5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA), a precursor of heme metabolites, is a nat...

Authors: Urara Ota, Takeshi Hara, Hitoshi Nakagawa, Emi Tsuru, Masayuki Tsuda, Atsuko Kamiya, Yasushi Kuroda, Yuya Kitajima, Aya Koda, Masahiro Ishizuka, Hideo Fukuhara, Keiji Inoue, Taro Shuin, Motowo Nakajima and Tohru Tanaka

Amitraz poisoning: A case report of an unusual pesticide poisoning in Sri Lanka and literature review

Amitraz is a pesticide used worldwide on animals and in agriculture. It contains triazapentadiene, which is a centrally acting alpha-2 adrenergic agonist. Amitraz poisoning is fairly uncommon in humans and occ...

Authors: H. M. M. T. B. Herath, S. P. Pahalagamage, Nilukshana Yogendranathan, M. D. M. S. Wijayabandara and Aruna Kulatunga

Identification and application of anti-inflammatory compounds screening system based on RAW264.7 cells stably expressing NF-κB-dependent SEAP reporter gene

NF-κB is one of the key transcription factors in the inflammatory response, transactivates a series of pro-inflammatory genes and is therefore regarded as an important target for anti-inflammatory drug screening.

Authors: Yue Li, Xiaomeng Wang, Juan Ren, Xi Lan, Jing Li, Jing Yi, Li Liu, Yan Han, Sanqi Zhang, Dongmin Li and Shemin Lu

Synthetic and natural antioxidants attenuate cisplatin-induced vomiting

Synthetic and natural antioxidants including Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell (Scrophulariaceae) which also possess anti-dopaminergic properties, have been proposed to be useful for emetogenic chemotherapy. In this s...

Authors: Javaid Alam, Fazal Subhan, Ihsan Ullah, Muhammad Shahid, Gowhar Ali and Robert D. E. Sewell

Anti-inflammatory effect of resveratrol in human coronary arterial endothelial cells via induction of autophagy: implication for the treatment of Kawasaki disease

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute febrile vasculitis in childhood, which is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children. If untreated, KD can result in coronary aneurysms in 25% of patients, and ev...

Authors: Fu-Chen Huang, Ho-Chang Kuo, Ying-Hsien Huang, Hong-Ren Yu, Sung-Chou Li and Hsing-Chun Kuo