Fig. 4
Mendelian randomisation assessment of the ETFDH expression in brain_cerebellar_hemisphere and epilepsy risk in the International League Against Epilepsy. (A) Forest plot. Each horizontal solid line reflects the result estimated for a single nucleotide polymorphism using the Wald ratio method. The bottom red line reflects the risk relationship between ETFDH and epilepsy under the IVW approach. (B) Leave-one-out analysis of genetic proxy ETFDH on epilepsy risk. (C) Funnel plot. Vertical lines show causal estimates using each of the two different methods to combine all single nucleotide polymorphisms into a single instrument. (D) Scatter plot. The slope of the straight line corresponds with the causal estimates using the five different methods