Articles

Acute and subacute toxicity evaluation of hydroalcoholic extract from the stem bark of Bois Bande (Parinari campestris Aubl.1772) in rats

The bark of Bois Bande (Parinari campestris) is a popular aphrodisiac in the Caribbean that has been traditionally used for many years to restore sexual vitality, increase sperm count, and treat erectile dysfunct...

Authors: Venkatesan Sundaram, Stephanie Mohammed, M. R. Srinivasan, Jenelle Johnson, Rod Suepaul, Indira Pargass, Chernell John, Danesha Ramdhanie, Shiann Lallack, Esther Daniel and Lester Gilkes

Identification of the toxic threshold of 3-hydroxybutyrate-sodium supplementation in septic mice

In septic mice, supplementing parenteral nutrition with 150 mg/day 3-hydroxybutyrate-sodium-salt (3HB-Na) has previously shown to prevent muscle weakness without obvious toxicity. The main objective of this st...

Authors: Ruben Weckx, Chloë Goossens, Sarah Derde, Lies Pauwels, Sarah Vander Perre, Greet Van den Bergh and Lies Langouche

Mitochondrial targeted antioxidants, mitoquinone and SKQ1, not vitamin C, mitigate doxorubicin-induced damage in H9c2 myoblast: pretreatment vs. co-treatment

Preconditioning of the heart ameliorates doxorubicin (Dox)-induced cardiotoxicity. We tested whether pretreating cardiomyocytes by mitochondrial-targeted antioxidants, mitoquinone (MitoQ) or SKQ1, would provid...

Authors: Brian Sacks, Halil Onal, Rose Martorana, Amogh Sehgal, Amanda Harvey, Catherine Wastella, Hafsa Ahmad, Erin Ross, Adona Pjetergjoka, Sachin Prasad, Robert Barsotti, Lindon H. Young and Qian Chen

Pharmacokinetic herb-drug interactions between Aidi injection and doxorubicin in rats with diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma

Aidi Injection (ADI), a Chinese herbal preparation with anti-cancer activity, is used for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Several clinical studies have shown that co-administration of ADI with...

Authors: Yuan Lu, Jie Pan, Xiaoqing Zhu, Shuai Zhang, Chunhua Liu, Jia Sun, Yueting Li, Siying Chen, Jing Huang, Chuang Cao, Yonglin Wang, Yongjun Li and Ting Liu

Pharmacovigilance study of anti-infective-related acute kidney injury using the Japanese adverse drug event report database

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with significant increases in short- and long-term morbidity and mortality. Drug-induced AKI is a major concern in the present healthcare system. Our spontaneous reporti...

Authors: Satoshi Nakao, Shiori Hasegawa, Ryogo Umetsu, Kazuyo Shimada, Ririka Mukai, Mizuki Tanaka, Kiyoka Matsumoto, Yu Yoshida, Misaki Inoue, Riko Satake, Yuri Nishibata, Jun Liao and Mitsuhiro Nakamura

Quality of selected anti-retroviral medicines: Tanzania Mainland market as a case study

Antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) have significantly reduced morbidity, mortality and improved the quality of life of people living with HIV infection. Poor quality ARVs may result in harmful consequences such as ad...

Authors: Sophia Mziray, Betty A. Maganda, Kissa Mwamwitwa, Adam M. Fimbo, Seth Kisenge, Gerald Sambu, Yonah H. Mwalwisi, Adonis Bitegeko, Emmanuel Alphonce, Akida Khea, Danstan H. Shewiyo and Eliangiringa Kaale

Plumbagin can potently enhance the activity of xanthine oxidase: in vitro, in vivo and in silico studies

Abnormally elevated xanthine oxidase (XO) activity has been verified to cause various pathological processes, such as gout, oxidative stress injury and metabolic syndrome. Thus, XO activators may exhibit above...

Authors: Liang Yue, Nan Jiang, Anguo Wu, Wenqiao Qiu, Xin Shen, Dalian Qin, Hong Li, Jing Lin, Sicheng Liang and Jianming Wu

Rabeprazole inhibits inflammatory reaction by inhibition of cell pyroptosis in gastric epithelial cells

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a common pathogen in development of peptic ulcers with pyroptosis. Rabeprazole, a critical component of standard triple therapy, has been widely used as the first-line regimen f...

Authors: Jing Xie, Long Fan, Liya Xiong, Peiyu Chen, Hongli Wang, Huan Chen, Junhong Zhao, Zhaohui Xu, Lanlan Geng, Wanfu Xu and Sitang Gong

Exploring cardioprotective potential of esculetin against isoproterenol induced myocardial toxicity in rats: in vivo and in vitro evidence

Esculetin is a natural coumarin derivative from various plants with multiple pharmacological effects. Hence, the present study was undertaken to explore the cardio protective potential of esculetin against iso...

Authors: Chitikela P. Pullaiah, Vinod K. Nelson, Sushma Rayapu, Narasimha Kumar G V and Thyagaraju Kedam

In vitro and in vivo toxicity and antibacterial efficacy of melittin against clinical extensively drug-resistant bacteria

Melittin is one of the most studied antimicrobial peptides, and several in vitro experiments have demonstrated its antibacterial efficacy. However, there is evidence showing melittin has non-promising effects suc...

Authors: Parvin Askari, Mohammad Hasan Namaei, Kiarash Ghazvini and Mehran Hosseini

Loading and release of cancer chemotherapy drugs utilizing simultaneous temperature and pH-responsive nanohybrid

Recently, the development of nanocarriers and the improvement of their biochemical properties have became of great importance. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) have many applications in drug delivery sys...

Authors: Mohammad Dahri, Hossein Akbarialiabad, Ahmad Miri Jahromi and Reza Maleki

Causal inference multiple imputation investigation of the impact of cannabinoids and other substances on ethnic differentials in US testicular cancer incidence

Ethnic differences in testicular cancer rates (TCRs) are recognized internationally. Cannabis is a known risk factor for testicular cancer (TC) in multiple studies with dose-response effects demonstrated, howe...

Authors: Albert Stuart Reece and Gary Kenneth Hulse

Hepatoprotective activity of melittin on isoniazid- and rifampicin-induced liver injuries in male albino rats

The present study investigated the ameliorative effect of melittin, a major polypeptide in the venom of honeybee (Apis mellifera), on isoniazid-(INH) and rifampicin-(RIF) induced hepatotoxicity in male albino rat...

Authors: Khalid Mohammed Naji, Bushra Yahya Al-Khatib, Nora Saif Al-Haj and Myrene R. D’souza

Safety assessment of subtilisin QK in rats

Subtilisin QK is a serine protease in the subtilisin family, and is fermented by Bacillus subtilis QK02. The fibrinolytic activity of subtilisin QK was measured by detecting low molecular weight degradation produ...

Authors: Shuai Xiao, Dingbang Hu, Ya Gao, Yang Ai, Sang Luo, Song Chen, Ben Wang, Li Zhou, Yanshan Dong and Yefu Wang

Correction to: Superior silybin bioavailability of silybin–phosphatidylcholine complex in oily-medium soft-gel capsules versus conventional silymarin tablets in healthy volunteers*

Authors: Nahum Méndez-Sánchez, Miguel Dibildox-Martinez, Jahir Sosa-Noguera, Ramón Sánchez-Medal and Francisco J. Flores-Murrieta

In-silico evaluation of Malawi essential medicines and reactive metabolites for potential drug-induced toxicities

Drug-induced toxicity is one of the problems that have negatively impacted on the well-being of populations throughout the world, including Malawi. It results in unnecessary hospitalizations, retarding the dev...

Authors: Ibrahim Chikowe, Alfred Chipanda Phiri, Kirios Patrick Mbewe and Dunstan Matekenya

Effect of perioperative use of parecoxib on chronic post-surgical pain in elderly patients after hepatectomy: a prospective randomized controlled study

Chronic post-surgical pain (CPSP) has a negative impact on the recovery, quality of life, and physical functioning of elderly patients. This study aimed to test the superiority of parecoxib vs. placebo in prev...

Authors: Xiaodong Ge, Yan Pan, Danfeng Jin, Ying Wang and Shengjin Ge

Assessment of safety and tolerability of remogliflozin etabonate (GSK189075) when administered with total daily dose of 2000 mg of metformin

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are characterized by an elevated glycemic index and are at a higher risk for complications such as cardiovascular disease, nephropathy, retinopathy and peripheral ...

Authors: Robert Dobbins, Elizabeth K. Hussey, Robin O’Connor-Semmes, Susan Andrews, Wenli Tao, William O. Wilkison, Bentley Cheatham, Katare Sagar and Barkate Hanmant

Allisartan ameliorates vascular remodeling through regulation of voltage-gated potassium channels in hypertensive rats

The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of allisartan, a new angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist on vascular remodeling through voltage gated potassium channels (Kv7) in hypertensi...

Authors: Xiaoqin Zhang, Ziying Zhao, Chunfang Xu, Fengping Zhao and Zhiqiang Yan

Molecular typing, biofilm production, and detection of carbapenemase genes in multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from different infection sites using ERIC-PCR in Hamadan, west of Iran

Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause several kinds of nosocomial infections. Increasing antibiotic resistance as well as identifying genetic diversity and factors associated with pa...

Authors: Maryam Hazhirkamal, Omid Zarei, Mahsa Movahedi, Pezhman Karami, Leili Shokoohizadeh and Mohammad Taheri

Protective effect of alamandine on doxorubicin‑induced nephrotoxicity in rats

This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of alamandine, a new member of the angiotensin family, against doxorubicin (DOX)-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

Authors: Ava Soltani Hekmat, Ameneh Chenari, Hiva Alipanah and Kazem Javanmardi

Association between phosphate disturbances and mortality among critically ill patients with sepsis or septic shock

The aim of this study is to examine the association of hypophosphatemia and hyperphosphatemia on the first day of ICU admission with mortality in septic critically ill patients.

Authors: Shmeylan A. Al Harbi, Hasan M. Al-Dorzi, Albatool M. Al Meshari, Hani Tamim, Sheryl Ann I. Abdukahil, Musharaf Sadat and Yaseen Arabi

Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modelling of atazanavir in hair among adolescents on antiretroviral treatment in Zimbabwe

Drug potency is a pharmacological parameter defining dose or concentration of drug required to obtain 50% of the drug’s maximal effect. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modelling and simulation allows estimatio...

Authors: Bernard Ngara, Simbarashe Zvada, Tariro Dianah Chawana, Charles Fungai Brian Nhachi and Simbarashe Rusakaniko

Gambogic acid protects LPS-induced apoptosis and inflammation in a cell model of neonatal pneumonia through the regulation of TrkA/Akt signaling pathway

In this work, we investigated the effects of gambogic acid (GA) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced apoptosis and inflammation in a cell model of neonatal pneumonia.

Authors: Xu Gao, Jingya Dai, Guifang Li and Xinya Dai

Premedication with pioglitazone prevents doxorubicin-induced left ventricular dysfunction in mice

Doxorubicin (DOX) is widely used as an effective chemotherapeutic agent for cancers; however, DOX induces cardiac toxicity, called DOX-induced cardiomyopathy. Although DOX-induced cardiomyopathy is known to be...

Authors: Takaaki Furihata, Satoshi Maekawa, Shingo Takada, Naoya Kakutani, Hideo Nambu, Ryosuke Shirakawa, Takashi Yokota and Shintaro Kinugawa

Establishment of a population pharmacokinetics model of vancomycin in 94 infants with septicemia and its application in individualized therapy

We aim to develop a population pharmacokinetics (PopPK) model of vancomycin for the treatment of septicemia in infants younger than one year. Factors influence of the PK was investigated to optimize vancomycin...

Authors: Zhiling Li, Hongjing Li, Chenyu Wang, Zheng Jiao, Feng Xu and Huajun Sun

Epidemiology, clinical presentation, treatment, and follow‐up of chronic mercury poisoning in China: a retrospective analysis

There are no reports on the incidence of chronic mercury poisoning in a large population in China. This study investigated the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, treatment, and follow-up of Chinese patient...

Authors: Sun Yawei, Long Jianhai, Zhao Junxiu, Peng Xiaobo and Qiu Zewu

The effective interplay of (non-) selective NSAIDs with neostigmine in animal models of analgesia and inflammation

Surgical procedures cause perioperative immunosuppression and neuroendocrine stress, exerted by activation of the autonomic nervous system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The acetylcholinesterase ...

Authors: Mennatallah A Gowayed, Amany Abdel-Bary and Rasha A El-Tahan

Transcriptome investigation of anti‐inflammation and immuno‐regulation mechanism of taurochenodeoxycholic acid

Taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA) is one of the major active components in bile acid. It was proven to have inhibitory activities on inflammation and also participate in host immuno-regulation. TCDCA exerts a...

Authors: Lige Bao, Dacheng Hao, Xu Wang, Xiuling He, Wei Mao and Peifeng Li

High-fat diet accelerate hepatic fatty acids synthesis in offspring male rats induced by perinatal exposure to nonylphenol

Low dose of NP exposure can alter adipose tissue formation, and the intake of high-fat diet (HFD) can also lead to the fatty liver disease. We investigated the combined effect of NP and HFD on the first offspr...

Authors: Hongyu Zhang, Chengguang Song, Rong Yan, Hongbo Cai, Yi Zhou and Xiaoyu Ke

Subacute poisoning with bifenthrin increases the level of interleukin 1ß in mice kidneys and livers

Bifenthrin is a pyrethroid. Chronic exposure of humans to the pesticide occurs. Reports about immunotoxicity and proinflammatory effect of pyrethroids were published. The aim of the article was to check if sub...

Authors: Oktawia Pylak-Piwko and Barbara Nieradko-Iwanicka

Opportunities for successful de-escalation of proton pump inhibitors at a federally qualified health center

A Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) de-escalation initiative was piloted at a Family Medicine Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) after a needs assessment showed that PPIs were prescribed inappropriately. The o...

Authors: Joelle Ayoub, Jessina C. McGregor, Rebecca M. Castner and Harleen Singh

Coenzyme Q₁₀ protected against arsenite and enhanced the capacity of 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid to ameliorate arsenite-induced toxicity in mice

Arsenic poisoning affects millions of people. The inorganic forms of arsenic are more toxic. Treatment for arsenic poisoning relies on chelation of extracellularly circulating arsenic molecules by 2,3-dimecapt...

Authors: Victoria K. Mwaeni, James N. Nyariki, Ngalla Jillani, George Omwenga, Mathew Ngugi and Alfred Orina Isaac

The efficacy of calcitriol treatment in non-alcoholic fatty liver patients with different genotypes of vitamin D receptor FokI polymorphism

Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but there are debates on the usefulness of vitamin D treatment. The interindividual variations in response may be d...

Authors: Hamid Yaghooti, Fatemeh Ghanavati, Seyed Saeed Seyedian, Bahman Cheraghian and Narges Mohammadtaghvaei

Effect of oral isotretinoin on muscle strength in patients with acne vulgaris: a prospective controlled study

Musculoskeletal side effects related to isotretinoin are frequently reported. This study aimed to investigate the effect of oral isotretinoin treatment on muscle strength. Our second aim was to evaluate whethe...

Authors: Cevriye Mülkoğlu and Nermin Karaosmanoğlu

Preliminary study of the toxicity and radioprotective effects of zymosan in vitro and in vivo

This study aimed to confirm the cytotoxicity of zymosan in vitro and in vivo and determine the appropriate treatment time and the dose of zymosan.

Authors: Yue-zhi Zhang, Shu-jing Ge, Qing-zhen Leng, Jian-jun Ma and Han-chen Liu

Bupivacaine inhibits a small conductance calcium‐activated potassium type 2 channel in human embryonic kidney 293 cells

Bupivacaine blocks many ion channels in the heart muscle, causing severe cardiotoxicity. Small-conductance calcium-activated potassium type 2 channels (SK2 channels) are widely distributed in the heart cells a...

Authors: Hongfei Chen, Zhousheng Jin, Fangfang Xia and Zhijian Fu

Impact of previous exposure to systemic corticosteroids on unfavorable outcome in patients hospitalized for COVID-19

The impact of prior exposure to systemic corticosteroids on COVID-19 severity in patients hospitalized for a SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia is not known. The present study was designed to answer to this question.

Authors: Margaux Lafaurie, Guillaume Martin-Blondel, Pierre Delobel, Nassim Kamar, Sandrine Charpentier, Agnès Sommet and Guillaume Moulis

Proposal of initial and maintenance dosing regimens with linezolid for renal impairment patients

Linezolid is administered as a fixed dose to all patients despite evidence of overexposure and thrombocytopenia in renal impairment. The aims of this study were to evaluate the risk of thrombocytopenia and the...

Authors: Hitoshi Kawasuji, Yasuhiro Tsuji, Chika Ogami, Kou Kimoto, Akitoshi Ueno, Yuki Miyajima, Koyomi Kawago, Ippei Sakamaki and Yoshihiro Yamamoto

Patient safety and public health concerns: poor dissolution rate of pioglitazone tablets obtained from China, Myanmar and internet sites

Poor quality medicines have serious implications for public health. The aim of this study was to explore the quality of the antidiabetic pioglitazone, using samples collected in China and Myanmar, and samples ...

Authors: Mohammad Sofiqur Rahman, Naoko Yoshida, Hirohito Tsuboi, Erina Maeda, Andrea Vanessa Velasco Ibarra, Theingi Zin, Yoshio Akimoto, Tsuyoshi Tanimoto and Kazuko Kimura

New onset diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular events in Korean patients with acute myocardial infarction receiving high-intensity statins

High-intensity statin therapy is typically used in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) for secondary prevention. However, there have been consistent concerns regarding its association with diabetes...

Authors: Jah Yeon Choi, Cheol Ung Choi, Byoung Geol Choi, Yoonjee Park, Dong Oh Kang, Won Young Jang, Woohyeun Kim, Jin Oh Na, Jin Won Kim, Eung Ju Kim, Seung-Woon Rha, Chang Gyu Park, Hong Seog Seo, Myung Ho Jeong, Sung-Chull Chae, In-Whan Seong…

New ibuprofen derivatives with thiazolidine-4-one scaffold with improved pharmaco-toxicological profile

Aryl-propionic acid derivatives with ibuprofen as representative drug are very important for therapy, being recommended especially for anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. On other hand 1,3-thiazolidine-4-...

Authors: Ioana-Mirela Vasincu, Maria Apotrosoaei, Sandra Constantin, Maria Butnaru, Liliana Vereștiuc, Cătălina-Elena Lupușoru, Frederic Buron, Sylvain Routier, Dan Lupașcu, Roxana-Georgiana Taușer and Lenuța Profire

Safety of natural anthraquinone emodin: an assessment in mice

Emodin, a natural anthraquinone, has shown potential as an effective therapeutic agent in the treatment of many diseases including cancer. However, its clinical development is hindered by uncertainties surroun...

Authors: Alexander T. Sougiannis, Reilly T. Enos, Brandon N. VanderVeen, Kandy T. Velazquez, Brittany Kelly, Sierra McDonald, William Cotham, Ioulia Chatzistamou, Mitzi Nagarkatti, Daping Fan and E. Angela Murphy

Epigenetic immunomodulatory effect of eugenol and astaxanthin on doxorubicin cytotoxicity in hormonal positive breast Cancer cells

Hormonal receptor positive (HR+) breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed molecular subtype of breast cancer; which showed good response to doxorubicin (DOX)-based chemotherapy. Eugenol (EUG) and astaxanth...

Authors: Mariam A. Fouad, Mohamed M. Sayed-Ahmed, Etimad A. Huwait, Hafez F. Hafez and Abdel-Moneim M. Osman

Improved effect of a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in human retinal pigment epithelium cells

Oxidative damage to retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells contributes to the development of age-related macular degeneration, which is among the leading causes of visual loss in elderly people. In the present...

Authors: Myung Hee Kim, Do-Hun Kim, Su Geun Yang and Dae Yu Kim

Depressive effectiveness of vigabatrin (γ-vinyl-GABA), an antiepileptic drug, in intermediate-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels in human glioma cells

Vigabatrin (VGB) is an approved non-traditional antiepileptic drug that has been revealed to have potential for treating brain tumors; however, its effect on ionic channels in glioma cells remains largely uncl...

Authors: Te-Yu Hung, Huai-Ying Ingrid Huang, Sheng-Nan Wu and Chin-Wei Huang

Detecting medication errors associated with the use of beta-lactams in the Russian Pharmacovigilance database

Comprehensive analysis of all available data in spontaneous reports (SRs) can reveal previously unidentified medication errors (MEs).

Authors: Anna V. Kuzmina, Irina L. Asetskaya, Sergey K. Zyryanov and Vitaliy A. Polivanov

N-acetylcysteine dose-dependently improves the analgesic effect of acetaminophen on the rat hot plate test

Acetaminophen (APAP) induced hepatotoxicity is a clinically important problem. Up to now, interventive therapy with n-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been considered as a gold-standard treatment for APAP overdose. Ho...

Authors: Samaneh Nakhaee, Mohammad Dastjerdi, Hesam Roumi, Omid Mehrpour and Khadijeh Farrokhfall

Extended adverse effects of cyclophosphamide on mouse ovarian function

Most patients with cancer undergo multiple administrations of anticancer drugs during treatment, resulting in chronic impairment of their reproductive health. As improved treatment options increase cancer surv...

Authors: Jihyun Kim and Sooseong You

Comparative associations between anticholinergic burden and emergency department visits for anticholinergic adverse events in older Korean adults: a nested case-control study using national claims data for validation of a novel country-specific scale

Considering the limited generalizability of previous anticholinergic burden scales, the Korean Anticholinergic Burden Scale (KABS) as a scale specific to the Korean population was developed. We aimed to valida...

Authors: Sunghee Hwang, Jee Eun Chung, Kwanghee Jun, Young-Mi Ah, Kwang-Il Kim and Ju-Yeun Lee