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The severe unfavorable effects of doxorubicin on the heart restrict its clinical usage. Numerous investigations document that cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) activator of interferon genes (STING) cascade influe...
The original article was published in BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2023 24:1
Anabolic steroids (AS) are commonly abused by body builders and athletes aiming to increase their strength and muscle mass but unfortunately, the long-term use of AS may lead to serious side effects. Nandrolon...
Cisplatin is a widely used and effective chemotherapeutic agent for most solid malignant tumors. However, cisplatin-induced ototoxicity is a common adverse effect that limits the therapeutic efficacy of tumors...
Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a rare but serious adverse drug reaction (ADR) commonly associated with bisphosphonate and denosumab therapy. Prior research utilized an online, public FDA Adverse Event Repor...
Voriconazole is a second-generation triazole that is used to prevent and treat invasive fungal infections. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetic equivalency of a test formulation and re...
Albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel), as a special targeted preparation of paclitaxel, has the advantages of good curative effect and less side effects in anti-tumor therapy. The existence of the plasma-p...
Chlorine is a chemical threat agent that can be harmful to humans. Inhalation of high levels of chlorine can lead to acute lung injury (ALI). Currently, there is no satisfactory treatment, and effective antido...
Neurotoxicity is a severe side effect of platinum compounds used for cancer chemotherapy such as Cisplatin. This neurotoxicity leads to severe cognitive and nervous dysfunction, therefore, limiting the dose of...
The study was aimed at evaluating the bioequivalence and safety of oseltamivir phosphate for suspension, provided by Shenzhen Beimei Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. and manufactured by Hetero Labs Limited, and the ref...
Seizures are considered to be the most common symptom encountered in emergency- rushed tramadol-poisoned patients; accounting for 8% of the drug-induced seizure cases. Although, diazepam clears these seizures,...
WIN55, 212–2 mesylate is a synthetic cannabinoid (SC) agonist of CB1 and CB2 receptors with much higher affinity to CB1 receptor than tetrahydrocannabinol and many potential therapeutic effects. Few studies ha...
Ezetimibe is a new class of antihyperlipidemic agent indicated for the prevention of atherosclerosis disease and for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Information on the pharmacokinetic profiles of ezetim...
Poisoning is a major health problem especially in developing countries and leads to high morbidity and mortality.
Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is a bio-effective component of Licorice. The GA is a monomer and the ingredient is an Oleanane-type pentacyclic triterpenes that has been used as a remedy for years. Due to the abuse ...
The original article was published in BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2022 23:81
Regulations have broadened to allow moderate sedation administration for gastrointestinal endoscopy by non-anesthesia personnel. The line between moderate and deep sedation is ambiguous. Deep sedation offers p...
The literature recommends against the use of fondaparinux in patients with kidney failure and dialysis as it may, with repeated dosing, accumulate and put patients at risk of bleeding. The management of patien...
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a broad-spectrum anti-tumor drug, but its clinical application is greatly limited because of the cardiotoxicity. Thus, exploration of effective therapies against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity...
The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2023 24:18
The xenoestrogen bisphenol A (BPA), a commonly used industrial chemical, has been linked to endocrine disruption. The point of the study was to consider the effects of chronic BPA exposure on the respiratory s...
Irrational prescription has a lion share for uncontrolled blood pressure. There is no study assessing prescription pattern among hypertensive patients at the study sites. Therefore, the objective of the curren...
Several studies worldwide have investigated household product poisoning. We conducted a toxico-clinical study on the two-year prevalence of poisoning with household products.
Among the food additives used in the food industry, food dyes are considered the most toxic. For instance, tartrazine (TRZ) is a food colorant commercially available with conflicting data regarding its cytotox...
The aim of this work was to investigate the association between anticholinergic burden or anticholinergic drug use and xerostomia and/or xerophtalmia in elderly through a systematic review of the published lit...
Tyrosine kinase (TK) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Here, we aimed to investigate whether radotinib (Rb) could inhibit pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting TK in vitro a...
Patients with cancer rely on morphine for analgesia, while studies have indicated morphine can induce immunosuppression in cancer. Therefore, investigating the immunosuppressive roles and molecular mechanism o...
The coronavirus disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection became an international pandemic and created a public health crisis. The binding of the viral Spike ...
Intervertebral disc degeneration results from a variety of etiologies, including inflammation and aging. Degenerated intervertebral discs feature down-regulated extracellular matrix synthesis, resulting in los...
Linezolid causes hematological toxicity, mostly thrombocytopenia, which leads to treatment discontinuation and failure. Recent studies revealed that during linezolid therapy, the incidence of treatment-related...
Prescribing medications without potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs) is one of the components of the rational use of medications. However, taking combined medications has resulted in life-threatening pDDIs...
Tacrolimus (Tac) is a common immunosuppressant that used in organ transplantation. However, its therapeutic index is narrow, and it is prone to adverse side effects, along with an increased risk of toxicity, n...
Allopurinol (ALP), a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, is a first line drug for the treatment of gout and hyperuricemia. Being the member of BCS class II drugs, ALP has solubility problem, which affects its bioavail...
The gut microbiome, a new organ of the body, can potentially alter the pharmacokinetics of orally administered drugs through microbial enzymes. However, absorption of orally administered non-antibiotic drugs b...
Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are common but less concerning in clinical practice of time-sensitive situations. We aimed to identify factors associated with a basic common DDI knowledge among an emergency phys...
Toxicological problem associated with herbal medicine is a significant public health problem. Hence, it is necessary to elaborate on the safety of herbal medicine. Salvianolic acid A (SAA) is a major active co...
Ischemia stroke is the leading cause of disability, which is a consequence of vascular occlusion. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of cornin which is isolated from the fruit of Verbena of...
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic modulation regulates the initiation and progression of intracranial aneurysm (IA). Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is suggested to play neuroprotective roles in patients wit...
The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2023 24:4
Lumacaftor/Ivacaftor (LUM-IVA), a cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein corrector-potentiator combination, improves lung function and reduces pulmonary exacerbations (PEx) in F508d...
Acarbose is one of the optimal drugs for patients with the first diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). But what kind of emerging patients has the best therapeutic response to acarbose therapy has never...
Lactoferrin, an iron-binding glycoprotein, is known to have protective effects against intestinal and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injuries; however, its cardioprotective effects against the stunned myoc...
Estrogen receptor β (ERβ) is the major ER subtype in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Previously we reported phytoestrogen calycosin suppressed liver fibrosis progression and inhibited HSC-T6 cell functions, sug...
Inadvertent exposure to furan and Pb is associated with hepatorenal abnormalities in humans and animals. It is perceived that these two chemical species may work in synergy to orchestrate liver and kidney dama...
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a chronic disease characterized by inflammation, steatosis, and liver fibrosis. The liver is particularly affected by alterations in lipid metabolism. Our aim was to eva...
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) of the liver is a multifactorial condition that happens during transplantation and surgery. The deleterious effects of I/R result from the acute production of reactive oxygen species...
Medications currently recommended for the treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) usually relieve the severity of symptoms by as much as 20–30%, and satisfactory treatment is obtained in 40–60% of pat...
Mushroom poisoning can cause gastrointestinal, renal, and hepatic symptoms and even death. This descriptive study examined the demographic, clinical, and laboratory findings of patients with fungal poisoning, ...
The Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) is a filter for most medications and blocks their passage into the brain. More effective drug delivery strategies are urgently needed to transport medications into the brain. This...
Although various pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatments are available for the chronic low back pain (CLBP), there is no consensus on the best optimal treatment for this condition. This study aimed t...
Hypolipidemic agents have been shown to be helpful in the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Most often, statins are prescribed to treat hyperlipidemia. There are a number of statins a...
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
The original article was published in BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2022 23:49
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