The relaxation of non-pregnant rat myometrium by resveratrol with participation of the NO–cGMP pathway

Resveratrol (RSV) is a phytoalexin produced by grapevines. The benefit of resveratrol to health is widely reported. Resveratrol has been found to promote vascular relaxation but its mechanism of action is unclear. Data about an influence of RSV on the contractility of smooth muscles of the uterus are not available. It has been claimed that NO promotes uterine relaxation by the elevation of cyclic GMP. It is generally accepted that NO increases the intracellular cGMP concentration through activation of solubile guanylate cyclase (sGC). The aim of our study were to investigate the effects of RSV on the contractility of rat uterus and to investigate the involvement of the NO–cGMP pathway in the relaxant effect of RSV on spontaneous rhythmic contractions (SRC) and phasic contractions provoked by oxytocin.

Uterine strips were obtained from virgin female Wistar rats in oestrus. Strips were mounted into organ bath for recording isometric tension in Krebs-Ringer solution. Experiments followed a multiple curve design. In order to test the involvement of the NO–cGMP pathway in the mechanism of action of RSV, a methylene blue (methylthionine chloride; MB) inhibitor of sGC was used.

RSV induced a concentration-dependent relaxation of SRC with pD₂ = 4.53 and E_max of 89% and of contractions provoked by oxytocin with pD₂ = 4.66 and E_max of 94% (p < 0.05). MB (10 µM) antagonized the response to RSV in both oxytocin-induced contractions and SRC with pD₂ = 4.31 and pD₂ = 4.24, E_max = 76% and E_max = 67%, respectively.

RSV is a uterine relaxant and can be used in tocolysis. The antagonism by MB of the RSV effect suggests that NO–cGMP pathways are involved in RSV action on the contractions of rat uterus. However, the relative resistance to MB of resveratrol’s effects at concentrations higher than 30 μM indicated an additional mechanism of action.