Fig. 2
From: A novel nasal powder formulation of glucagon: toxicology studies in animal models
Mean (+ SE) glucagon serum concentration profiles in rats following a single intra-nasal administration—Day 1. Glucagon concentrations on Day 1 (linear scale, gender combined). Levels were below the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ, 200 pg/mL) in all samples collected from rats in the control groups and low- and high-dose groups prior to dosing on Day 1. Following the first intra-nasal drug administration on Day 1, only four of 12 animals in the low-dose GNP group displayed levels of glucagon above the LLOQ. Following a single high-dose GNP intra-nasal administration, all animals (12 of 12) displayed levels above LLOQ on at least one occasion, and mean glucagon concentration levels increased quickly in rat serum to reach peak levels within 10 min and declined over the sampling interval