Table 1 Characteristics of mother-infant pairs on admission and during follow-up period, n = 19*
Visit 1 (On admission) | Visit 2 | Visit 3 | |
|---|---|---|---|
Postpartum days | 7.6 ± 0.9 | 38.1 ± 7.0 | 122.4 ± 11.9 |
Maternal age, yrs | 27.4 ± 5.4 | ||
Maternal education ≥ 8 years, % | 47.4 | ||
Smoking status, % | |||
No smoke exposure or smoking | 36.8 | 36.8 | 26.3 |
Maternal smoking +/-environmental smoke | 10.5 | 15.8 | 26.3 |
Environmental smoke w/o maternal smoking | 52.6 | 47.4 | 47.4 |
Maternal weight gain during pregnancy, kg | 11.7 ± 6.2 | ||
Maternal body mass index at birth, kg/m2 | 31.7 ± 4.2 | ||
Maternal body mass index at visits, kg/m2 | 29.6 ± 4.1 | 29.0 ± 4.2 | 28.8 ± 4.2 |
Birth order, first child, % | 42.1 | ||
Birth type, cesarean delivery, % | 63.2 | ||
Gestational length, weeks | 38.8 ± 1.0 | ||
Birth weight, gr | 3294 ± 517 | ||
Infant sex, male, % | 73.7 | ||
Infant anthropometry | |||
Weight for age, z score | -0.21 (-0.73, 0.18) | -0.21 (-1.02, 1.02) | -0.06 (-0.82, 1.00) |
Height for age, z score | -0.15 (-0.68, 0.46) | -0.83 (-1.33, -0.18) | -0.16 (-0.95, 0.56) |
Weight for height, z score | -0.83 (-1.37, -0.03) | 0.44 (-0.51, 1.23) | 0.10 (-0.51, 1.19) |
Head circumference for age, z score | -0.13 (-0.46, 0.69) | -0.32 (-1.34, 0.41) | -0.36 (-1.20, 0.33) |
Breast milk | |||
Zearalenone, ng/mL | 0.60 (0.35, 0.84) | 0.43 (0.37, 0.49) | 0.33 (0.26, 0.38) |
Zearalenone, ng/kg bw per day | 118 (69, 159) | 81 (75, 99) | 53 (41, 62) |
Zearalenone > 0.25 µg/kg bw per day | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Deoxynivalenol, ng/mL | 16.7 (4.7, 25.8) | 18.7 (12.5, 31.8) | 11.3 (5.9, 18.1) |
Deoxynivalenol, ng/kg bw per day | 3273 (921, 4876) | 3553 (2538, 6110) | 1831 (956, 2841) |
Deoxynivalenol > 1.0 µg/kg bw per day | 73.7 | 89.5 | 73.7 |