Prevalence and factors associated with potential drug-drug interactions in prescriptions presented at private pharmacies in Mbarara city, southwestern Uganda

Table 5 Bi-variate and multivariate analysis of factors associated with the occurrence of potential DDIs

Exposure Variables	Category	Outcome (Presence of pDDI)		Crude Odds Ratios (95% CI)	P value	Adjusted Odds Ratios (95% CI)	P value
Exposure Variables	Category	Yes	No	Crude Odds Ratios (95% CI)	P value	Adjusted Odds Ratios (95% CI)	P value
Gender	Female	53	96	ref
Gender	Male	58	88	1.19 (0.74,1.91)	0.462
Age	< 18 yrs	8	37	ref
	18–59 yrs	75	124	2.80 (1.24,6.33)	0.014	1.67 (0.68,4.11)	0.268
	≥ 60 yrs	28	23	5.63 (2.19,14.45)	< 0.001	2.64 (0.89,7.84)	0.080
Level of Health care	Clinic	36	63	ref
	HC II	2	2	1.75 (0.24,12.96)	0.584
	HC III	6	13	0.81 (0.28,2.31)	0.690
	HC IV	5	6	1.46 (0.42,5.12)	0.556
	Hospital	62	100	1.09 (0.65,1.82)	0.757
No. Of Comorbidities	0	65	143	ref
No. Of Comorbidities	≥1	46	41	2.45 (1.48,4.12)	0.001	3.47 (1.86,6.47)	< 0.001
No. Of drugs prescribed	< 4	32	88	ref
No. Of drugs prescribed	≥4	79	96	2.81 (1.37,3.74)	0.001
Anti-fungal	No	99	176	ref
Anti-fungal	Yes	12	8	2.6 (1.05,6.74)	0.038	3.69 (1.31,10.36)	0.013
Antibacterials	No	53	60	ref
Antibacterials	Yes	58	124	0.53 (0.33,0.86)	0.01	0.73 (0.38,1.39)	0.342
Anti-hypertensive	No	79	161	ref
Anti-hypertensive	Yes	32	23	2.84 (1.56,5.17)	0.001	3.82 (1.93,7.58)	< 0.001
Analgesics	No	56	141	ref
Analgesics	Yes	55	43	3.22 (1.94,5.34)	< 0.001	4.90 (2.68,8.95)	< 0.001
Corticosteroids	No	88	172	ref
Corticosteroids	Yes	23	12	3.75 (1.78,7.88)	0.001	5.20 (2.25,12.00)	< 0.001
Anticonvulsants	No	99	169	ref
Anticonvulsants	Yes	12	15	1.37 (0.61,3.04)	0.444
Minerals and Vitamins	No	91	152	ref
Minerals and Vitamins	Yes	20	32	1.04 (0.56,1.93)	0.891
Anti-acids	No	93	149	ref
Anti-acids	Yes	18	35	0.82 (0.44,1.54)	0.544
Others	No	67	120	ref
Others	Yes	44	64	1.23 (0.76,2.00)	0.402

ISSN: 2050-6511