Fig. 3
From: Effects of nicotine on microRNA-124 expression in bile duct ligation-induced liver fibrosis in rats
The expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in sham and bile duct ligated rats that received normal saline or nicotine about beta-actin as an internal standard. Bile duct ligation has increased this marker of liver fibrosis. *P < 0.05 in comparison with the sham-operated group. Nicotine administration caused a further increase in its expression. && P < 0.01 in comparison with the bile duct ligated-saline group. Data are shown as Mean ± SEM and analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post-test. All RT-qPCR tests were performed in duplicate from six samples taken from each group (N = 6). The Y-axis represents the relative level of transcriptional difference (alpha-smooth muscle actin/beta-actin)