Table 4 Prevalence of anaemia according to selected risk factors among HIV infected pregnant women receiving co-trimoxazole prophylaxis (N = 420)

Malaria infection

Yes

19

18 (94.7)

10.363

1.329-80.798

0.026

No (reference)

401

209 (52.1)

0.0001^a

1

History of malaria illness

Yes

107

76 (71)

1.746

1.005-3.033

0.048

No (reference)

313

151 (48.2)

0.0001^a

1

WHO clinical stage

Stage I (reference)

338

165 (48.8)

1

Stage II

43

32 (74.4)

3.076

1.458-6.491

0.003

Stage III-IV

37

30 (76.9)

0.0001^a

2.653

1.184-5.945

0.018

CD4 count (cells/μL)*

≥500

104

48 (46.2)

-

350-499

85

45 (52.9)

-

200-349

96

62 (64.6)

⁻

<200

59

42 (71.2)

0.005^a

-

Pregnancy trimester

1st trimester

20

9 (45)

-

2nd trimester

206

107 (51.9)

-

3rd trimester

194

111 (57.2)

0.404^a

-

Gravidity

Primigravidae

139

72 (51.8)

-

Secundigravidae

148

83 (56.1)

-

Multigravidae

133

72 (54.1)

0.767^a

-

ITN use

Yes

380

201 (52.9)

-

No

40

26 (65)

0.144^a

-

ART category

ARV Prophylaxis

288

146 (50.7)

-

Life-long ART

132

81 (61.4)

0.142^a

-

Duration of AZT use (months)

<3

162

93 (57.4)

-

3-5.9

168

92 (54.8)

⁻

≥6

90

42 (46.7)

0.253^a

-

Iron supplements

Yes

338

185 (54.7)

-

No

82

42 (51.2)

0.567^a

-

Use of de-worming drug

Yes

327

171 (52.3)

-

No

93

56 (60.2)

0.176^a

-

Adherence to co-trimoxazole

Good (reference)

208

92 (44.2)

1

Average

80

47 (58.8)

1.478

0.848-2.578

0.168

Poor

132

88(66.7)

0.0001^a

1.752

1.03-2.979

0.039