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The soluble guanylyl cyclase activator BAY 60-2770 ameliorates detrusor dysfunction in obese mice

Background

The obesity-associated insulin resistance has been shown to play an important role in the pathophysiology of overactive bladder in mice [1, 2]. Therefore, we evaluated the beneficial effects of long-term administration of the sGC activator BAY 60-2270 in bladders from lean and obese mice.

Methods

Mice were fed for 12 weeks with either a standard chow diet (carbohydrate: 70%; protein: 20%; fat: 10%) or a high fat diet that induces obesity (carbohydrate: 29%; protein: 16%; fat: 55%). Lean and obese mice were orally treated with BAY 60-2770 (1 mg/kg/day, given as daily gavage from the 10th to the 12th week) or its vehicle (Transcutol®:Cremophor®:water, 1:2:7, v/v/v). Concentration-response curves to full agonist carbachol (CCh, 0.001-100 µM) were obtained. The values of potency (pEC50) and maximal responses (Emax) were calculated. The cGMP levels and Western blotting for α1 and β1-subunit of sGC in the bladder tissues were also determined.

Results

Contractile response to the muscarinic agonist carbachol was greater (p<0.05, n=5) in bladder from the obese in comparison with lean group. Long-term treatment with BAY 60-2770 normalized the enhanced contractile responses of the obese group, driving it to control levels (p<0.05; figure 1). The cGMP levels in the bladder tissues from obese group were significantly lower in comparison with lean mice (0.27 ± 0.04 and 0.95 ± 0.14 pmol/mg tissue, respectively, p<0.05, n=5). Treatment with BAY 60-2770 generated a 10-fold increase (p<0.01) in the bladder cGMP levels of obese mice, without affecting the levels in the lean group (Figure 2A). Protein expression of α1 and β1 subunits of sGC was decreased by 41% and 43% (p<0.05) in bladder tissues of obese animals, respectively. However, oral treatment with BAY 60-2770 restored the protein levels of α1 and β1 subunits to that of lean group (Figure 2B and 2C).

Figure 1
figure 1

Concentration response curve to cabachol (0.001-100 µM) in isolated bladder from lean and obese mice that received or not BAY 60-2770 (1 mg/Kg, 2 weeks). Data represent mean ± S.E.M.

Figure 2
figure 2

Effect of chronic treatment with BAY 60-2770 (1 mg/kg, 2 weeks) on cGMP levels (A) and protein expression of α1 (B) and β1 (C) subunits of sGC in bladders from lean + vehicle, lean + BAY 60-2770, obese + vehicle and obese + BAY 60-2770 groups. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. p <0.05 in comparison with lean + vehicle group; †p <0.05 in comparison to obese + vehicle group.

Conclusion

Chronic treatment with BAY 60-2770 results in amelioration of bladder dysfunction in high-fat obese mice.

References

  1. Leiria LO, Sollon C, Calixto MC, Lintomen L, Mónica FZ, Anhê GF, De Nucci G, Zanesco A, Grant AD, Antunes E: Role of PKC and CaV1.2 in detrusor overactivity in a model of obesity associated with insulin resistance in mice. PLoS One. 2012, 7: e48507-10.1371/journal.pone.0048507.

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  2. Leiria LO, Sollon C, Báu FR, Mónica FZ, D Ancona CL, De Nucci G, Grant AD, Anhê GF, Antunes E: Insulin relaxes human and mice bladder via PI3K/AKT/eNOS pathway activation in mucosal cells: UPR-dependent insulin resistance as a cause of obesity-associated overactive bladder. J Physiol. 2013, 591: 2259-2273.

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Correspondence to Gilberto de Nucci.

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This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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de Nucci, G., Leiria, L.O., da Silva, F.H. et al. The soluble guanylyl cyclase activator BAY 60-2770 ameliorates detrusor dysfunction in obese mice. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 14 (Suppl 1), P18 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1186/2050-6511-14-S1-P18

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/2050-6511-14-S1-P18

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