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  1. Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause several kinds of nosocomial infections. Increasing antibiotic resistance as well as identifying genetic diversity and factors associated with pa...

    Authors: Maryam Hazhirkamal, Omid Zarei, Mahsa Movahedi, Pezhman Karami, Leili Shokoohizadeh and Mohammad Taheri

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2021 22:32

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  3. The aim of this study is to examine the association of hypophosphatemia and hyperphosphatemia on the first day of ICU admission with mortality in septic critically ill patients.

    Authors: Shmeylan A. Al Harbi, Hasan M. Al-Dorzi, Albatool M. Al Meshari, Hani Tamim, Sheryl Ann I. Abdukahil, Musharaf Sadat and Yaseen Arabi

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2021 22:30

    Content type: Research article

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  4. Drug potency is a pharmacological parameter defining dose or concentration of drug required to obtain 50% of the drug’s maximal effect. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modelling and simulation allows estimatio...

    Authors: Bernard Ngara, Simbarashe Zvada, Tariro Dianah Chawana, Charles Fungai Brian Nhachi and Simbarashe Rusakaniko

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2021 22:29

    Content type: Research article

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  6. Doxorubicin (DOX) is widely used as an effective chemotherapeutic agent for cancers; however, DOX induces cardiac toxicity, called DOX-induced cardiomyopathy. Although DOX-induced cardiomyopathy is known to be...

    Authors: Takaaki Furihata, Satoshi Maekawa, Shingo Takada, Naoya Kakutani, Hideo Nambu, Ryosuke Shirakawa, Takashi Yokota and Shintaro Kinugawa

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2021 22:27

    Content type: Research

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  7. We aim to develop a population pharmacokinetics (PopPK) model of vancomycin for the treatment of septicemia in infants younger than one year. Factors influence of the PK was investigated to optimize vancomycin...

    Authors: Zhiling Li, Hongjing Li, Chenyu Wang, Zheng Jiao, Feng Xu and Huajun Sun

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2021 22:26

    Content type: Research article

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  8. There are no reports on the incidence of chronic mercury poisoning in a large population in China. This study investigated the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, treatment, and follow-up of Chinese patient...

    Authors: Sun Yawei, Long Jianhai, Zhao Junxiu, Peng Xiaobo and Qiu Zewu

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2021 22:25

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Surgical procedures cause perioperative immunosuppression and neuroendocrine stress, exerted by activation of the autonomic nervous system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The acetylcholinesterase ...

    Authors: Mennatallah A Gowayed, Amany Abdel-Bary and Rasha A El-Tahan

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2021 22:24

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA) is one of the major active components in bile acid. It was proven to have inhibitory activities on inflammation and also participate in host immuno-regulation. TCDCA exerts a...

    Authors: Lige Bao, Dacheng Hao, Xu Wang, Xiuling He, Wei Mao and Peifeng Li

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2021 22:23

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Low dose of NP exposure can alter adipose tissue formation, and the intake of high-fat diet (HFD) can also lead to the fatty liver disease. We investigated the combined effect of NP and HFD on the first offspr...

    Authors: Hongyu Zhang, Chengguang Song, Rong Yan, Hongbo Cai, Yi Zhou and Xiaoyu Ke

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2021 22:22

    Content type: Research

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  12. Bifenthrin is a pyrethroid. Chronic exposure of humans to the pesticide occurs. Reports about immunotoxicity and proinflammatory effect of pyrethroids were published. The aim of the article was to check if sub...

    Authors: Oktawia Pylak-Piwko and Barbara Nieradko-Iwanicka

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2021 22:21

    Content type: Research article

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  13. A Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) de-escalation initiative was piloted at a Family Medicine Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) after a needs assessment showed that PPIs were prescribed inappropriately. The o...

    Authors: Joelle Ayoub, Jessina C. McGregor, Rebecca M. Castner and Harleen Singh

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2021 22:20

    Content type: Research article

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  14. Arsenic poisoning affects millions of people. The inorganic forms of arsenic are more toxic. Treatment for arsenic poisoning relies on chelation of extracellularly circulating arsenic molecules by 2,3-dimecapt...

    Authors: Victoria K. Mwaeni, James N. Nyariki, Ngalla Jillani, George Omwenga, Mathew Ngugi and Alfred Orina Isaac

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2021 22:19

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but there are debates on the usefulness of vitamin D treatment. The interindividual variations in response may be d...

    Authors: Hamid Yaghooti, Fatemeh Ghanavati, Seyed Saeed Seyedian, Bahman Cheraghian and Narges Mohammadtaghvaei

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2021 22:18

    Content type: Research article

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  16. Musculoskeletal side effects related to isotretinoin are frequently reported. This study aimed to investigate the effect of oral isotretinoin treatment on muscle strength. Our second aim was to evaluate whethe...

    Authors: Cevriye Mülkoğlu and Nermin Karaosmanoğlu

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2021 22:17

    Content type: Research article

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  18. Bupivacaine blocks many ion channels in the heart muscle, causing severe cardiotoxicity. Small-conductance calcium-activated potassium type 2 channels (SK2 channels) are widely distributed in the heart cells a...

    Authors: Hongfei Chen, Zhousheng Jin, Fangfang Xia and Zhijian Fu

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2021 22:15

    Content type: Research article

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  19. The impact of prior exposure to systemic corticosteroids on COVID-19 severity in patients hospitalized for a SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia is not known. The present study was designed to answer to this question.

    Authors: Margaux Lafaurie, Guillaume Martin-Blondel, Pierre Delobel, Nassim Kamar, Sandrine Charpentier, Agnès Sommet and Guillaume Moulis

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2021 22:14

    Content type: Research article

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  20. Linezolid is administered as a fixed dose to all patients despite evidence of overexposure and thrombocytopenia in renal impairment. The aims of this study were to evaluate the risk of thrombocytopenia and the...

    Authors: Hitoshi Kawasuji, Yasuhiro Tsuji, Chika Ogami, Kou Kimoto, Akitoshi Ueno, Yuki Miyajima, Koyomi Kawago, Ippei Sakamaki and Yoshihiro Yamamoto

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2021 22:13

    Content type: Research article

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  21. Poor quality medicines have serious implications for public health. The aim of this study was to explore the quality of the antidiabetic pioglitazone, using samples collected in China and Myanmar, and samples ...

    Authors: Mohammad Sofiqur Rahman, Naoko Yoshida, Hirohito Tsuboi, Erina Maeda, Andrea Vanessa Velasco Ibarra, Theingi Zin, Yoshio Akimoto, Tsuyoshi Tanimoto and Kazuko Kimura

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2021 22:12

    Content type: Research article

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  22. High-intensity statin therapy is typically used in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) for secondary prevention. However, there have been consistent concerns regarding its association with diabetes...

    Authors: Jah Yeon Choi, Cheol Ung Choi, Byoung Geol Choi, Yoonjee Park, Dong Oh Kang, Won Young Jang, Woohyeun Kim, Jin Oh Na, Jin Won Kim, Eung Ju Kim, Seung-Woon Rha, Chang Gyu Park, Hong Seog Seo, Myung Ho Jeong, Sung-Chull Chae, In-Whan Seong…

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2021 22:11

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Aryl-propionic acid derivatives with ibuprofen as representative drug are very important for therapy, being recommended especially for anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. On other hand 1,3-thiazolidine-4-...

    Authors: Ioana-Mirela Vasincu, Maria Apotrosoaei, Sandra Constantin, Maria Butnaru, Liliana Vereștiuc, Cătălina-Elena Lupușoru, Frederic Buron, Sylvain Routier, Dan Lupașcu, Roxana-Georgiana Taușer and Lenuța Profire

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2021 22:10

    Content type: Research article

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  24. Emodin, a natural anthraquinone, has shown potential as an effective therapeutic agent in the treatment of many diseases including cancer. However, its clinical development is hindered by uncertainties surroun...

    Authors: Alexander T. Sougiannis, Reilly T. Enos, Brandon N. VanderVeen, Kandy T. Velazquez, Brittany Kelly, Sierra McDonald, William Cotham, Ioulia Chatzistamou, Mitzi Nagarkatti, Daping Fan and E. Angela Murphy

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2021 22:9

    Content type: Research article

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  25. Hormonal receptor positive (HR+) breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed molecular subtype of breast cancer; which showed good response to doxorubicin (DOX)-based chemotherapy. Eugenol (EUG) and astaxanth...

    Authors: Mariam A. Fouad, Mohamed M. Sayed-Ahmed, Etimad A. Huwait, Hafez F. Hafez and Abdel-Moneim M. Osman

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2021 22:8

    Content type: Research article

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  26. Oxidative damage to retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells contributes to the development of age-related macular degeneration, which is among the leading causes of visual loss in elderly people. In the present...

    Authors: Myung Hee Kim, Do-Hun Kim, Su Geun Yang and Dae Yu Kim

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2021 22:7

    Content type: Research article

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  27. Vigabatrin (VGB) is an approved non-traditional antiepileptic drug that has been revealed to have potential for treating brain tumors; however, its effect on ionic channels in glioma cells remains largely uncl...

    Authors: Te-Yu Hung, Huai-Ying Ingrid Huang, Sheng-Nan Wu and Chin-Wei Huang

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2021 22:6

    Content type: Research article

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  29. Acetaminophen (APAP) induced hepatotoxicity is a clinically important problem. Up to now, interventive therapy with n-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been considered as a gold-standard treatment for APAP overdose. Ho...

    Authors: Samaneh Nakhaee, Mohammad Dastjerdi, Hesam Roumi, Omid Mehrpour and Khadijeh Farrokhfall

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2021 22:4

    Content type: Research article

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  31. Considering the limited generalizability of previous anticholinergic burden scales, the Korean Anticholinergic Burden Scale (KABS) as a scale specific to the Korean population was developed. We aimed to valida...

    Authors: Sunghee Hwang, Jee Eun Chung, Kwanghee Jun, Young-Mi Ah, Kwang-Il Kim and Ju-Yeun Lee

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2021 22:2

    Content type: Research article

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  32. The development of novel and effective drugs for targeted human hepatocellular carcinoma still remains a great challenge. The alkaloid nitidine chloride (NC), a component of a traditional Chinese medicine, has...

    Authors: Danni Li, Shaogang Liu, Jiahao Zhu, Liqun Shen, Qi ying Zhang and Hua Zhu

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2021 22:1

    Content type: Research article

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  33. A novel, high bioavailability oral, enteric coated tablet formulation of S-adenosylmethionine (MSI-195) has been developed for life science application. The present research reports on a Phase 1 study to (i) d...

    Authors: Beth R. Cameron, Ludvina Ferreira and I. David MacDonald

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2020 21:88

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Aging populations are often accompanied by comorbidity and polypharmacy, leading to increases in adverse drug reactions (ADRs). We sought to evaluate the causes and characteristics of ADRs in older Korean adul...

    Authors: Seong-Dae Woo, Jiwon Yoon, Go-Eun Doo, Youjin Park, Youngsoo Lee, So-Hee Lee, Young-Hee Lee and Young-Min Ye

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2020 21:87

    Content type: Research article

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  35. Bempedoic acid is a new drug that reduces cholesterol synthesis via inhibiting ATP citrate lyase. It remains unclear whether the combination of bempedoic acid and other lipid-lowering drugs is better than thes...

    Authors: Xiang Zhao, Xubiao Ma, Xing Luo, Zhihua Shi, Ziwen Deng, Yuanxiang Jin, Zhipeng Xiao, Liming Tan, Pingfang Liu, Shilong Jiang, Yuanglu Shu, Bing Tang and Chengfeng Qiu

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2020 21:86

    Content type: Research article

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  36. The present study was designed to investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of carnosine on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced injury in Caenorhabditis elegans.

    Authors: Jing Ma, Xiaoyuan Xu, Ranran Wang, Haijing Yan, Huijuan Yao, Hongmei Zhang, Shaowei Jiang and Ajing Xu

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2020 21:85

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  37. Hypertension is the the primary cause of diastolic heart failure. Oxidative stress plays an important role in cardiac diastolic dysfunction caused by hypertension. The occurrence of oxidative stress is related...

    Authors: Xiaoli Guan, Xiaoying Guan, Changhong Lu, Bo Shang, Yuan Zhao, Ying Meng and Zhengyi Zhang

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2020 21:84

    Content type: Research article

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  38. Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) is a quaternary ammonium compound that is both a base corrosive and a cholinergic agonist, and it is widely used in the photoelectric and semiconductor industries. It cause...

    Authors: Chih-Kang Huang, Alan H. Hall, Ming-Ling Wu, Chen-Chang Yang, Dong-Zong Hung, Yan-Chiao Mao and Jou-Fang Deng

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2020 21:83

    Content type: Research article

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  40. Acute lung injury (ALI) together with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are associated with high rate of mortality and morbidity in patients. In the current study, the anti-inflammatory effects of con...

    Authors: Hassan Ali, Ashrafullah Khan, Jawad Ali, Hadayat Ullah, Adnan Khan, Hussain Ali, Nadeem Irshad and Salman Khan

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2020 21:81

    Content type: Research article

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  41. Levamlodipine, a calcium channel blocker, has been show act as a cardiovascular drug. To compare the pharmacokinetic parameters between levamlodipine (test formulation) at a single dose of 5 mg and amlodipine ...

    Authors: Xin Li, Chenjing Wang, Ting Li, Yanping Liu, Shuqin Liu, Ye Tao, Yaping Ma, Xiaomeng Gao and Yu Cao

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2020 21:80

    Content type: Research article

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  42. Although two novel synthesized compounds with tri-aryl structures; 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-oxadiazole (A) and 3,5-bis-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-oxadiazol...

    Authors: Tayebeh Afsharirad, Raheleh Tahmasvand, Mohsen Amini, Bahram Daraei and Mona Salimi

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2020 21:79

    Content type: Research article

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  43. Plants provide a ray of hope to combat the ever increasing antibiotic resistance and Symplocos racemosa is a valuable medicinal plant. The study focused on highlighting the importance of this plant’s phytoconstit...

    Authors: Henna Sood, Yashwant Kumar, Vipan Kumar Gupta and Daljit Singh Arora

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2020 21:78

    Content type: Research article

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  44. Imatinib is mainly metabolized by CYP3A4 and to a lesser extent by other isoenzymes, with N-desmethyl imatinib being its major equipotent metabolite. Being a CYP3A4 substrate, imatinib co-administration with CYP3...

    Authors: Ruba S. Darweesh, Tamam El-Elimat, Aref Zayed, Tareq N. Khamis, Wahby M. Babaresh, Tawfiq Arafat and Ahmed H. Al Sharie

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2020 21:77

    Content type: Research article

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  45. Currently, there are no effective medications to reverse periodontal disease (PD)-induced bone loss. The objective of this study was to test a new anabolic compound, LLP2A-Ale, or with the combination treatmen...

    Authors: Min Jiang, Lixian Liu, Ruiwu Liu, Kit S. Lam, Nancy E. Lane and Wei Yao

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2020 21:76

    Content type: Research article

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  46. Whilst cannabis commercialization is occurring rapidly guided by highly individualistic public narratives, evidence that all congenital anomalies (CA) increase alongside cannabis use in Canada, a link with 21 ...

    Authors: Albert Stuart Reece and Gary Kenneth Hulse

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2020 21:75

    Content type: Research article

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  47. Cigarette smoking is a critical risk factor for the destruction of lung parenchyma or the development of emphysema, which is characteristic of COPD. Disruption of epithelial layer integrity may contribute to l...

    Authors: Cheng-hsiung Chen, Yi-Rong Li, Sheng-Hao Lin, Hsiu-Hui Chang, Woei-Horng Chai, Po-Chiang Chan and Ching-Hsiung Lin

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2020 21:74

    Content type: Research article

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  49. Of patients receiving moderate emetic risk chemotherapy (MEC), 30–90% experience chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV); however, the optimal antiemetic treatment remains controversial.

    Authors: Reiko Matsui, Kenichi Suzuki, Tomomi Takiguchi, Makoto Nishio, Takeshi Koike, Toshinobu Hayashi, Takashi Seto, Yuki Kogure, Naoyuki Nogami, Kimiko Fujiwara, Hiroyasu Kaneda, Tomohiko Harada, Satoru Shimizu, Masashi Kimura, Hirotsugu Kenmotsu, Mototsugu Shimokawa…

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2020 21:72

    Content type: Research article

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  50. Cantharidin (CTD) is a compound which have the potential to be exploited as an antitumor drug, and it has been demonstrated antitumor effects in a variety of cancers. However, the use is limited due to its sev...

    Authors: Haozhen Shao, Lei Dong, Yanyan Feng, Chunhui Wang and Hongxuan Tong

    Citation: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology 2020 21:71

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

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